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Infeções associadas aos cuidados de saúde: percepção da importância da higienização das mãos pelos profissionais de saúde na prevenção das infeções associadas aos cuidados de saúde
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
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| PG_34285 | 1.21 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O presente projeto de graduação insere-se no âmbito da unidade curricular do 4° ano
lecionada na Universidade Fernando Pessoa, da faculdade de Ciências da Saúde para
aprovação da unidade curricular e obtenção do grau de Licenciado em Enfermagem,
sendo “Percepção da Importância da Higienização das Mãos pelos Profissionais de
Saúde na Prevenção das Infeções Associadas aos Cuidados de Saúde” o tema
dissertado.
Na atualidade, vários são os estudos realizados, que se debruçam sobre a avaliação da
higienização das mãos, inferindo que a adesão dos profissionais à prática de
higienização das mãos de forma constante e na rotina diária, ainda é insuficiente.
Dessa forma, é necessária uma especial atenção por parte dos gestores, administradores
dos serviços de saúde e educadores para o incentivo e a sensibilização do profissional de
saúde à referida questão.
A segurança e qualidade dos cuidados prestados, passa pela consciencialização e
empenhamento de todos os profissionais inerentes à importância da higienização das
mãos na assistência à saúde (Anvisa, 2007).
As instituições de saúde devem designar profissionais com formação e treino em
controlo de infecção para implementar programas promocionais da prática de higiene
das mãos, com o objectivo de aumentar a adesão dos Profissionais de Saúde a esta
prática. A formação deve destacar os factores que podem influenciar significativamente o
comportamento e não apenas o tipo de produtos para a higiene das mãos. Deve ter em
consideração o tipo de atividades praticadas que podem contaminar as mãos, os doentes
e ou o ambiente e demonstrar de forma evidente as vantagens e desvantagens dos vários
métodos utilizados na higiene das mãos (Portugal, 2010 ; DGS, 2010).
Este estudo teve como objetivo geral “Avaliar a percepção dos profissionais de saúde
sobre as boas práticas de higienização das mãos.”
Recorreu-se a um estudo de metodologia quantitativa, exploratória, descritivo e
transversal. O tipo de amostra utilizado é amostragem não probabilística, por
conveniência, em que a população da amostra encontra-se acessível, disponível para o
estudo. A população em estudo foram todos os Enfermeiros que trabalham no Hospital
da Misericórdia da Zona Norte do País.
A amostra será constituída pelos Enfermeiros que integram a equipa do Serviço de
Internamento Médico de longa duração do Hospital da Misericórdia da Zona Norte do
País.
Os resultados obtidos revelam que a amostra é maioritariamente do sexo feminino
(76%). Os participantes são na totalidade Enfermeiros. Verificamos que a maioria dos
elementos da amostra tem formação específica na área de controlo de infeção,
representando 83% da população total. Os restantes 17% referem não ter formação em
tal área. Relativamente à auto-percepção inerente à prática adequada de higienização
das mãos, 78,2 % Profissionais de Saúde referem executar corretamente a higiene das
mãos. Constatamos que cerca de 49 % dos Profissionais de Saúde consideram esta
prática como tendo grande importância na prestação de cuidados e 34,1% da amostra a
consideram elevada. Efetivamente, 51,2 % dos profissionais, consideram a HM uma medida importante na
prevenção das IACS. Estão conscientes do impacto acarretado pelas IACS no
prognóstico do doente e dos custos hospitalares muito elevados que acarretam. No
entanto, e apesar dos conhecimentos demonstrados por partes dos Profissionais de
Saúde acerca da importância da higienização das mãos, como os mencionam alguns
autores, a execução dessa prática em conformidade com as diretrizes, ainda se encontra
baixa.
This undergraduate project is part of the curricular unit of the 4th year taught at the Fernando Pessoa University of the Faculty of Health Sciences for the approval of the curricular unit and obtaining the degree of Licentiate in Nursing, being « Perception of the Importance of Hygiene of the Hands by Health Professionals in Preventing Infections Associated with Health Care », the topic. At present, several studies are carried out, which focus on the evaluation of hand hygiene, inferring that the adherence of professionals to the practice of hand hygiene constantly and in daily routine, is still insufficient. Therefore, special attention is needed from managers, health service administrators and educators to encourage and raise the awareness of health professionals about this issue. The safety and quality of the care provided goes through the awareness and commitment of all the professionals inherent in the importance of hand hygiene in health care (Anvisa, 2007). Health institutions should designate professionals with training and training in infection control to implement promotional programs of hand hygiene practice, with the aim of increasing the adherence of Health Professionals to this practice. The training should highlight factors that can significantly influence behavior and not just the type of hand hygiene products. It should take into account the type of activities practiced that can contaminate the hands, the patients and / or the environment and clearly demonstrate the advantages and disadvantages of the various methods used in hand hygiene (DGS, 2010). The objective of this study was to "Evaluate the perception of health professionals about good hand hygiene practices." We used a quantitative, exploratory, descriptive and cross-sectional study. The type of sample used is non-probabilistic sampling, for convenience, where the sample population is accessible, available for study. The study population was all the Nurses who work in the Mercy Hospital of the North Zone of the Country. The sample will be made up of the Nurses who are part of the long-term Medical Internment Service team of the Mercy Hospital of the Northern Zone of the Country. The results show that the sample is mostly female (76%). The participants are all Nurses. We found that most of the sample elements have specific training in the area of infection control, representing 83% of the total population. The remaining 17% reported not having training in this area. Regarding the self-perception inherent in the proper practice of hand hygiene, they report that the percentage of Health Professionals who perform according to them correctly hand hygiene was 78.2%. We found that about 49% of Health Professionals consider this practice to be of great importance in the provision of care and 34.1% of the sample consider it high. In fact, 51.2% of the professionals consider HM to be an important measure in the prevention of IACS. They are aware of the impact of IACS on the prognosis of the patient and the very high hospital costs they entail. However, despite the knowledge demonstrated by the Health Professionals about the importance of hand hygiene, as some authors mention, the implementation of this practice in accordance with the guidelines is still low.
This undergraduate project is part of the curricular unit of the 4th year taught at the Fernando Pessoa University of the Faculty of Health Sciences for the approval of the curricular unit and obtaining the degree of Licentiate in Nursing, being « Perception of the Importance of Hygiene of the Hands by Health Professionals in Preventing Infections Associated with Health Care », the topic. At present, several studies are carried out, which focus on the evaluation of hand hygiene, inferring that the adherence of professionals to the practice of hand hygiene constantly and in daily routine, is still insufficient. Therefore, special attention is needed from managers, health service administrators and educators to encourage and raise the awareness of health professionals about this issue. The safety and quality of the care provided goes through the awareness and commitment of all the professionals inherent in the importance of hand hygiene in health care (Anvisa, 2007). Health institutions should designate professionals with training and training in infection control to implement promotional programs of hand hygiene practice, with the aim of increasing the adherence of Health Professionals to this practice. The training should highlight factors that can significantly influence behavior and not just the type of hand hygiene products. It should take into account the type of activities practiced that can contaminate the hands, the patients and / or the environment and clearly demonstrate the advantages and disadvantages of the various methods used in hand hygiene (DGS, 2010). The objective of this study was to "Evaluate the perception of health professionals about good hand hygiene practices." We used a quantitative, exploratory, descriptive and cross-sectional study. The type of sample used is non-probabilistic sampling, for convenience, where the sample population is accessible, available for study. The study population was all the Nurses who work in the Mercy Hospital of the North Zone of the Country. The sample will be made up of the Nurses who are part of the long-term Medical Internment Service team of the Mercy Hospital of the Northern Zone of the Country. The results show that the sample is mostly female (76%). The participants are all Nurses. We found that most of the sample elements have specific training in the area of infection control, representing 83% of the total population. The remaining 17% reported not having training in this area. Regarding the self-perception inherent in the proper practice of hand hygiene, they report that the percentage of Health Professionals who perform according to them correctly hand hygiene was 78.2%. We found that about 49% of Health Professionals consider this practice to be of great importance in the provision of care and 34.1% of the sample consider it high. In fact, 51.2% of the professionals consider HM to be an important measure in the prevention of IACS. They are aware of the impact of IACS on the prognosis of the patient and the very high hospital costs they entail. However, despite the knowledge demonstrated by the Health Professionals about the importance of hand hygiene, as some authors mention, the implementation of this practice in accordance with the guidelines is still low.
Description
Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciada em Enfermagem
Keywords
IACS Higienização das mãos Conhecimentos e práticas dos profissionais de saúde IACS Hand hygiene Knowledge and practices of health professionals