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Efeitos dos agonistas do recetor GLP-1 no tratamento da obesidade
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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: A obesidade é uma doença de origem multifatorial e está associada a doenças crónicas. O peptídeo semelhante ao glucagon-1/ Glucagon Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) e o Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide (GIP) são hormonas incretinas. Os fármacos agonistas do recetor GLP-1 e agonistas duplos dos recetores GIP/GLP-1 são apresentados, sendo discutido os seus efeitos na obesidade.
Métodos: A revisão foi conduzida pelo motor de busca PUBMED, com as MeSH (Medical Subject Headings): (“GLP-1 AND obesity”or “liraglutide e semaglutide AND obesity”) e posteriormente com MeSH (“twincretin” ou “tirzepatide”). Selecionou-se artigos que compreendiam o período de tempo de 2010-2022, referentes a seres humanos e de carater de revisão.
Resultados: Um dos ensaios clínicos mostrou que o liraglutido promove a redução de 5% do peso corporal em indivíduos sem diabetes (63,2%) e com diabetes (54,3%). A comparação da eficácia do semaglutido vs liraglutido mostra que 14% e 8% dos pacientes, respetivamente, tiveram perdas significativas do peso. A percentagem de peso perdido com tirzepatida (5 mg; 10 mg; 15 mg) situa-se entre 5% a 15%, sendo mais elevada na dose maior.
Conclusão: O liraglutido, está aprovado para o tratamento da diabetes e obesidade, apresentando outros benefícios. O semaglutido, apresenta resultados mais promissores em relação aos fármacos da mesma classe, incluído o liraglutido. A tirzepatida, um agonista duplo GIP/GLP-1 atualmente aprovado para a diabetes, está a ser estudada para o tratamento da obesidade. Os resultados foram superiores a outros agonistas do recetor GLP-1 estudados.
Introduction: Obesity is a disease of multifactorial origin and is associated with chronic diseases. Glucagon Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) and Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide (GIP) are incretin hormones. GLP-1 receptor agonists and dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonists are presented, and their effects on obesity are discussed. Methods: The review was conducted using the PUBMED search engine, with the MeSH (Medical Subject Headings): (“GLP-1 AND obesity”or “liraglutide e semaglutide AND obesity”) and later with MeSH (“twincretin” or “tirzepatide”). Articles covering the time period 2010-2022, referring to human beings and of review nature, were selected. Results: One of the clinical trials showed that liraglutide promotes a 5% reduction in body weight in subjects without diabetes (63.2%) and with diabetes (54.3%). Comparison of the efficacy of semaglutide vs liraglutide shows that 14% and 8% of patients, respectively, experienced significant weight loss. The percentage of weight lost with tirzepatide (5 mg; 10 mg; 15 mg) ranges from 5% to 15%, being higher at the highest dose. Conclusion: Liraglutide is approved for the treatment of diabetes and obesity and has other benefits. Semaglutide shows more promising results compared to drugs of the same class, including liraglutide. Tirzepatide, a GIP/GLP-1 dual agonist currently approved for diabetes, is being studied for the treatment of obesity. The results were superior to other GLP-1 receptor agonists studied.
Introduction: Obesity is a disease of multifactorial origin and is associated with chronic diseases. Glucagon Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) and Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide (GIP) are incretin hormones. GLP-1 receptor agonists and dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonists are presented, and their effects on obesity are discussed. Methods: The review was conducted using the PUBMED search engine, with the MeSH (Medical Subject Headings): (“GLP-1 AND obesity”or “liraglutide e semaglutide AND obesity”) and later with MeSH (“twincretin” or “tirzepatide”). Articles covering the time period 2010-2022, referring to human beings and of review nature, were selected. Results: One of the clinical trials showed that liraglutide promotes a 5% reduction in body weight in subjects without diabetes (63.2%) and with diabetes (54.3%). Comparison of the efficacy of semaglutide vs liraglutide shows that 14% and 8% of patients, respectively, experienced significant weight loss. The percentage of weight lost with tirzepatide (5 mg; 10 mg; 15 mg) ranges from 5% to 15%, being higher at the highest dose. Conclusion: Liraglutide is approved for the treatment of diabetes and obesity and has other benefits. Semaglutide shows more promising results compared to drugs of the same class, including liraglutide. Tirzepatide, a GIP/GLP-1 dual agonist currently approved for diabetes, is being studied for the treatment of obesity. The results were superior to other GLP-1 receptor agonists studied.
Description
Trabalho Complementar apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de licenciada em Ciências da Nutrição
Keywords
Obesidade Agonistas GLP-1 Agonistas duplos dos recetores GLP-1/GIP Recetor Liraglutido Semaglutido Tirzepatida Obesity GLP-1 agonists GIP/GLP-1 dual agonist receptors Liraglutide Semaglutide Dulaglutide Tirzepatide