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Empatia e gestão de conflitos: um estudo transversal em adultos portugueses
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| Dissertação de mestrado_42987 | 532.51 KB | Adobe PDF |
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A literatura tem vindo a evidenciar a importância da empatia na qualidade das relações interpessoais e na forma como os indivíduos gerem situações de conflito. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a relação entre as dimensões da empatia e os estilos de gestão de conflitos, bem como explorar o papel de variáveis sociodemográficas nestes construtos. A investigação enquadra-se numa abordagem quantitativa, de natureza correlacional e transversal.
A amostra foi constituída por 724 participantes, com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 65 anos. A recolha de dados foi realizada através de um questionário online que integrou o Índice de Reatividade Interpessoal (IRI), para avaliação das dimensões da empatia e o Rahim ORganizational Conflict InventoRy-II (ROCI-II), para avaliação dos estilos de gestão de conflitos.
Os resultados evidenciaram associações significativas entre as dimensões da empatia e os estilos de gestão de conflitos. Verificou-se que níveis mais elevados de Tomada de Perspetiva e de Preocupação Empática se associaram à adoção de estilos de gestão de conflitos mais construtivos e cooperativos, como a Integração e o Compromisso. Por outro lado, o Desconforto Pessoal associou-se sobretudo à Anuência e à Evitação, enquanto a Tomada de Perspetiva e a Preocupação Empática se associaram negativamente à Dominação.
De forma geral, os resultados reforçam a importância da empatia enquanto competência relacional promotora de interações sociais mais adaptativas, salientando implicações importantes para a prática psicológica e para a promoção de competências socioemocionais em contextos clínicos e da saúde.
The literature has increasingly highlighted the importance of empathy in the quality of interpersonal relationships and in the way individuals manage conflict situations. The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between the dimensions of empathy and conflict management styles, as well as to explore the role of sociodemographic variables in these constructs. The research adopts a quantitative, correlational and cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 724 participants, aged between 18 and 65. Data were collected via an online questionnaire that included the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) to assess the dimensions of empathy and the Rahim Organizacional Conflict Inventory-II (ROCI-II) to assess conflict management styles. The results revealed significant associations between the dimensions of empathy and conflict management styles. It was found that higher levels of Perspective-Taking and Empathic Concern were associated with the adoption of more constructive and cooperative conflict management styles, such as Integration and Compromise. Conversely, Personal Distress was primarily associated with Accommodation and Avoidance, whilst Perspective-Taking and Empathic Concern were negatively associated with Domination. Overall, the results reinforce the importance of empathy as a relational competence that promotes more adaptive social interactions, highlighting important implications for psychological practice and for the promotion of socio-emotional skills in clinical and healthcare contexts.
The literature has increasingly highlighted the importance of empathy in the quality of interpersonal relationships and in the way individuals manage conflict situations. The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between the dimensions of empathy and conflict management styles, as well as to explore the role of sociodemographic variables in these constructs. The research adopts a quantitative, correlational and cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 724 participants, aged between 18 and 65. Data were collected via an online questionnaire that included the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) to assess the dimensions of empathy and the Rahim Organizacional Conflict Inventory-II (ROCI-II) to assess conflict management styles. The results revealed significant associations between the dimensions of empathy and conflict management styles. It was found that higher levels of Perspective-Taking and Empathic Concern were associated with the adoption of more constructive and cooperative conflict management styles, such as Integration and Compromise. Conversely, Personal Distress was primarily associated with Accommodation and Avoidance, whilst Perspective-Taking and Empathic Concern were negatively associated with Domination. Overall, the results reinforce the importance of empathy as a relational competence that promotes more adaptive social interactions, highlighting important implications for psychological practice and for the promotion of socio-emotional skills in clinical and healthcare contexts.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Empatia Estilos de gestão de conflitos Tomada de perspetiva Integração Gestão construtiva de conflitos Empathy Conflict management styles Perspective-taking integration Constructive conflict management