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Correr riscos: estilos parentais, internalização e externalização na infância e adolescência
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dissertação_de_mestrado_2022109170 | 630.76 KB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
A saúde mental na infância e adolescência tem-se tornado alvo de crescente preocupação, uma vez que nos últimos três anos tem-se assistido ao aumento da prevalência de problemas de internalização e de externalização nesta faixa etária a nível nacional e internacional. A família, como primeiro contexto social do indivíduo, tem um papel determinante na trajetória de vida da criança e do adolescente. Neste âmbito, este trabalho teve como objetivo explorar em que medida os estilos parentais se podem constituir como fatores de risco para a manifestação de problemas de internalização e de externalização na infância e adolescência. Este estudo contou com 45 crianças e adolescentes com idades compreendidas entre os 6 e os 17 anos, de ambos os sexos. O presente trabalho está assente num estudo retrospetivo transversal que tem por base a análise de processos clínicos de clientes acompanhados entre 2015 e 2024, numa Clínica Pedagógica de Psicologia vinculada a uma universidade privada no Norte do País. Os instrumentos utilizados foram a Child Behavior Checklist for ages 6-18 (CBCL), o Egna Minnen Betraffande Uppfostran – Parents (EMBU-P) preenchidos por pelo menos um dos progenitores, bem como documentos dos processos clínicos. Os resultados indicam não existir associação entre os estilos parentais autoritário, permissivos indulgente e negligente e o autoritativo com os problemas de internalização e de externalização nesta faixa etária. Além disso, a internalização parece estar mais associada aos rapazes, contrariamente à externalização que parece estar mais associada às raparigas. Os resultados apontam ainda para maiores problemas de internalização e de externalização nos participantes mais velhos, mas apenas no que refere às perceções das mães. Foi ainda identificado um novo estilo que não se enquadra na tipologia convencional dos estilos parentais, que aponta para inconsistências que serão exploradas em estudos futuros.
Mental health in childhood and adolescence has become a target of concern, as in the last three years there has been an increase in the prevalence of internalizing and externalizing problems in this age group at a national and international level. The family, as the individual's first social context, plays a determining role in the life trajectory of children and adolescents. In this context, this work aimed to explore the extent to which parenting styles can constitute risk factors for internalizing and externalizing problems in childhood and adolescence. This study involved 45 children and adolescents aged between 6 and 17 of both sexes. This work is based on a retrospective cross-sectional study based on the analysis of clinical processes of clients followed between 2015 and 2024 in a Pedagogical Psychology Clinic linked to a private university in the north of the country. The instruments used were the Child Behavior Checklist for ages 6-18 (CBCL), the Egna Minnen Betraffande Uppfostran – Parents (EMBU-P) completed by at least one of the parents, as well as documents from the clinical files. The results indicate that there is no association between the authoritative, authoritarian, permissive indulgent and negligent parenting styles and the internalizing and externalizing problems. Furthermore, internalizing problems seems to be more associated with boys, contrary to externalizing problems which seems to be more associated with girls. The results also point to greater internalizing and externalizing problems in older participants, but only in relation to mothers' perceptions. A new style was also identified that does not fit into the conventional typology of parenting styles, which points to inconsistencies that will be explored in future studies.
Mental health in childhood and adolescence has become a target of concern, as in the last three years there has been an increase in the prevalence of internalizing and externalizing problems in this age group at a national and international level. The family, as the individual's first social context, plays a determining role in the life trajectory of children and adolescents. In this context, this work aimed to explore the extent to which parenting styles can constitute risk factors for internalizing and externalizing problems in childhood and adolescence. This study involved 45 children and adolescents aged between 6 and 17 of both sexes. This work is based on a retrospective cross-sectional study based on the analysis of clinical processes of clients followed between 2015 and 2024 in a Pedagogical Psychology Clinic linked to a private university in the north of the country. The instruments used were the Child Behavior Checklist for ages 6-18 (CBCL), the Egna Minnen Betraffande Uppfostran – Parents (EMBU-P) completed by at least one of the parents, as well as documents from the clinical files. The results indicate that there is no association between the authoritative, authoritarian, permissive indulgent and negligent parenting styles and the internalizing and externalizing problems. Furthermore, internalizing problems seems to be more associated with boys, contrary to externalizing problems which seems to be more associated with girls. The results also point to greater internalizing and externalizing problems in older participants, but only in relation to mothers' perceptions. A new style was also identified that does not fit into the conventional typology of parenting styles, which points to inconsistencies that will be explored in future studies.
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Keywords
Estilos parentais Internalização Externalização Fatores de risco Infância Adolescência Parenting styles Internalizing problems Externalizing problems Risk factors Childhood Adolescence