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Os efeitos quimioprotectores dos AINEs no carcinoma oral: narrativa integrativa
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Esta tese investiga os potenciais efeitos dos anti-inflamatórios não esteroides (AINEs) na prevenção do carcinoma oral, com um foco particular em seu papel no câncer de cabeça e pescoço (CCP). Através de uma revisão narrativa integrativa, examina dados de estudos epidemiológicos, ensaios clínicos e pesquisas sobre mecanismos biológicos para determinar como o uso de AINEs, particularmente a aspirina, pode reduzir o risco de desenvolver carcinoma espinocelular oral (CECO). Os achados de vários estudos apontam consistentemente para uma redução significativa no risco de CCP entre os usuários regulares desses medicamentos. O principal mecanismo envolve a inibição das enzimas ciclooxigenase (COX-1 e COX-2), levando à diminuição da produção de prostaglandinas pró-inflamatórias e promovendo a apoptose em células cancerígenas. No entanto, mais pesquisas são necessárias para entender melhor as dosagens ideais, a duração do uso e os possíveis efeitos colaterais. O uso de AINEs em estratégias de prevenção de câncer deve ser acompanhado por uma avaliação cuidadosa dos riscos e benefícios, particularmente em populações de alto risco, como fumantes e consumidores de álcool. A tese defende a implementação de ensaios clínicos randomizados para solidificar as evidências sobre a eficácia dos AINEs na prevenção do CCP.
This thesis investigates the potential effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the prevention of oral carcinoma, with a particular focus on their role in head and neck cancer (HNC). Through an integrative narrative review, it examines data from epidemiological studies, clinical trials, and research on biological mechanisms to determine how the use of NSAIDs, particularly aspirin, might reduce the risk of developing oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The findings from various studies consistently point to a significant reduction in HNC risk among regular users of these drugs. The primary mechanism involves the inhibition of cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX-1 and COX-2), leading to a decrease in pro-inflammatory prostaglandin production and promoting apoptosis in cancerous cells. However, further research is needed to better understand the optimal dosages, duration of use, and potential side effects. The use of NSAIDs in cancer prevention strategies should be accompanied by a thorough assessment of risks and benefits, particularly in high-risk populations such as smokers and alcohol consumers. The thesis advocates for the implementation of randomized clinical trials to solidify the evidence regarding the effectiveness of NSAIDs in HNC prevention.
This thesis investigates the potential effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the prevention of oral carcinoma, with a particular focus on their role in head and neck cancer (HNC). Through an integrative narrative review, it examines data from epidemiological studies, clinical trials, and research on biological mechanisms to determine how the use of NSAIDs, particularly aspirin, might reduce the risk of developing oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The findings from various studies consistently point to a significant reduction in HNC risk among regular users of these drugs. The primary mechanism involves the inhibition of cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX-1 and COX-2), leading to a decrease in pro-inflammatory prostaglandin production and promoting apoptosis in cancerous cells. However, further research is needed to better understand the optimal dosages, duration of use, and potential side effects. The use of NSAIDs in cancer prevention strategies should be accompanied by a thorough assessment of risks and benefits, particularly in high-risk populations such as smokers and alcohol consumers. The thesis advocates for the implementation of randomized clinical trials to solidify the evidence regarding the effectiveness of NSAIDs in HNC prevention.
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Keywords
AINEs Expressão gênica Carcinoma espinocelular oral Câncer oral Redução de risco Propriedades quimioprotetoras NSAIDs Gene expression Oral squamous cell carcinoma Oral cancer Risk reduction Chemoprotective properties