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Evolução do consumo de analgésicos opioides em Portugal entre 2013 e 2025
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A dor constitui um dos problemas de saúde mais prevalentes a nível mundial, exercendo um impacto significativo na qualidade de vida dos indivíduos. Neste contexto, os analgésicos opioides assumem um papel fundamental no tratamento da dor moderada a intensa, sendo amplamente utilizados em diferentes contextos clínicos. Contudo, o aumento do seu consumo tem suscitado preocupações relacionadas com o desenvolvimento de tolerância, dependência e ocorrência de efeitos adversos, tornando crucial a monitorização dos padrões de consumo destes medicamentos. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo aprofundar o conhecimento sobre os analgésicos opioides e analisar a evolução da sua utilização em Portugal entre 2013 e 2025 e avaliar a evolução dos casos de intoxicação associados aos analgésicos opioides. Foi realizado um estudo observacional, descritivo e retrospetivo, através da recolha e análise dos dados relativos ao número de embalagens de analgésicos opioides dispensadas em farmácias comunitárias portuguesas, obtidos na base de dados Health Market Research®. Adicionalmente, foram analisados dados relativos às intoxicações por analgésicos opioides, obtidos através do Centro de Informação Antivenenos. Os resultados evidenciaram um aumento expressivo do consumo global de analgésicos opioides em Portugal ao longo do período analisado, verificando-se uma evolução de 5,41 para 14,09 Dose Diária Definida (DDD)/1000 habitantes/dia entre 2013 e 2025, correspondente a um crescimento de 160,7%. Os opioides fracos mantiveram uma clara predominância no consumo nacional, destacando-se a associação tramadol com paracetamol como o medicamento mais consumido e com maior contributo para o aumento global observado. Relativamente aos opioides fortes observou-se um crescimento de 0,99 para 3,31 DDD/1000 habitantes/dia, sendo o tapentadol a substância que apresentou o maior crescimento durante o período analisado, assumindo um papel cada vez mais relevante no padrão de consumo nacional. Adicionalmente, verificou-se uma tendência de substituição gradual dos medicamentos de marca por medicamentos genéricos em várias substâncias estudadas. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que o consumo de analgésicos opioides em Portugal tem vindo a aumentar de forma consistente, acompanhando a tendência observada noutros países europeus. O aumento concomitante das intoxicações relacionadas com analgésicos opioides reforça a importância da monitorização contínua dos padrões de utilização destes medicamentos, bem como da implementação de estratégias que promovam a sua utilização racional e segura.
Pain is one of the most prevalent health problems in the world, significantly impacting individuals' quality of life. In this context, opioid analgesics play a fundamental role in the treatment of moderate to severe pain, being widely used in different clinical settings. However, the increase in their consumption has raised concerns related to the development of tolerance, dependence, and the occurrence of adverse effects, making it crucial to monitor the consumption patterns of these medications. This study aimed to deepen the understanding of opioid analgesics and analyze the evolution of their use in Portugal between 2013 and 2025 and to evaluate the evolution of opioid analgesic poisoning cases. An observational, descriptive, and retrospective study was conducted by collecting and analyzing data on the number of opioid analgesic packages dispensed in Portuguese community pharmacies, sourced from the Health Market Research® database. In addition, data related to opioid analgesic poisoning, obtained from the Poison Control Center, were analyzed. The results showed a significant increase in the overall consumption of opioid analgesics in Portugal over the analyzed period, with an evolution from 5.41 to 14.09 Defined Daily Dose (DDD)/1,000 inhabitants/day between 2013 and 2025, corresponding to a growth of 160.7%. Weak opioids maintained a clear predominance in national consumption, with the combination of tramadol and paracetamol standing out as the most consumed drug and contributing most to the overall increase observed. Regarding strong opioids, there was an increase from 0.99 to 3.31 DDD/1,000 inhabitants/day, with tapentadol being the substance that showed the highest growth during the analyzed period, assuming an increasingly relevant role in the national consumption pattern. Additionally, there was a trend of gradual substitution of brand-name drugs with generic drugs for several studied substances. The findings demonstrate that the consumption of opioid analgesics in Portugal has been increasing consistently, following the trend observed in other European countries. The concomitant increase in opioid analgesic-related poisonings reinforces the importance of continuous monitoring of medication use patterns, as well as the implementation of strategies that promote their rational and safe use.
Pain is one of the most prevalent health problems in the world, significantly impacting individuals' quality of life. In this context, opioid analgesics play a fundamental role in the treatment of moderate to severe pain, being widely used in different clinical settings. However, the increase in their consumption has raised concerns related to the development of tolerance, dependence, and the occurrence of adverse effects, making it crucial to monitor the consumption patterns of these medications. This study aimed to deepen the understanding of opioid analgesics and analyze the evolution of their use in Portugal between 2013 and 2025 and to evaluate the evolution of opioid analgesic poisoning cases. An observational, descriptive, and retrospective study was conducted by collecting and analyzing data on the number of opioid analgesic packages dispensed in Portuguese community pharmacies, sourced from the Health Market Research® database. In addition, data related to opioid analgesic poisoning, obtained from the Poison Control Center, were analyzed. The results showed a significant increase in the overall consumption of opioid analgesics in Portugal over the analyzed period, with an evolution from 5.41 to 14.09 Defined Daily Dose (DDD)/1,000 inhabitants/day between 2013 and 2025, corresponding to a growth of 160.7%. Weak opioids maintained a clear predominance in national consumption, with the combination of tramadol and paracetamol standing out as the most consumed drug and contributing most to the overall increase observed. Regarding strong opioids, there was an increase from 0.99 to 3.31 DDD/1,000 inhabitants/day, with tapentadol being the substance that showed the highest growth during the analyzed period, assuming an increasingly relevant role in the national consumption pattern. Additionally, there was a trend of gradual substitution of brand-name drugs with generic drugs for several studied substances. The findings demonstrate that the consumption of opioid analgesics in Portugal has been increasing consistently, following the trend observed in other European countries. The concomitant increase in opioid analgesic-related poisonings reinforces the importance of continuous monitoring of medication use patterns, as well as the implementation of strategies that promote their rational and safe use.
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Analgésicos opioides Consumo de medicamentos Farmacoepidemiologia Intoxicações Farmácia comunitária Portugal Opioid analgesics Drug consumption Pharmacoepidemiology Poisonings Community pharmacy