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Publication
Dieta mediterrânica, estabilidade genómica e variação genética
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TC_28441 | 1.67 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A dieta Mediterrânica é um dos padrões alimentares mais saudáveis do mundo. Pelo facto de ser uma dieta muito rica em nutrientes essenciais e substâncias com atividade antioxidante e anti-inflamatória, ela tem sido implicada na manutenção da estabilidade genómica, incluindo o DNA telomérico. A disfunção telomérica tem sido associada à senescência celular, apoptose e cancro. Por isso, a investigação da interação dieta-telómero é relevante para uma melhor compreensão do papel da nutrição na prevenção de doenças crónicas caracterizadas por envelhecimento precoce e instabilidade genómica/disfunção telomérica. Este trabalho de revisão bibliográfica descreve os principais avanços científicos e tecnológicos que estiveram na génese da genómica nutricional. Adicionalmente, ele analisa o papel da dieta Mediterrânica para a manutenção da estabilidade genómica e integridade telomérica, bem como o impacto de variações genéticas humanas específicas na relação nutriente-genoma, especialmente a nível do DNA telomérico. Tratando-se de uma área emergente da genómica nutricional, a continuidade da investigação será fundamental para possibilitar, no futuro, a integração do conhecimento técnico-científico na prática clínica e aconselhamento nutricional.
The Mediterranean diet is one of the healthiest food standards of the world. Because of the abundance in essential nutrients and substances with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, it has been implicated in the maintenance of genomic stability, including telomeric DNA. Telomeric dysfunction has been associated with cell senescence, apoptosis and cancer. Therefore, the research on diet-telomere interaction is relevant for a better understanding of the role of nutrition in the prevention of chronic diseases characterised by premature aging and genomic instability/telomeric dysfunction. In the present work, major technological and scientific advances that led to the development of the Nutritional Genomics field are reviewed. Additionally, the role of the Mediterranean diet on genomic stability/telomere integrity and the modulation of nutrient-genome (mainly telomeric DNA) by specific human genetic variations are analysed. As this is an emergent area of nutritional genomics, ongoing research is crucial to enable, in the future, the integration of technical and scientific knowledge into clinical practice and nutritional counselling.
The Mediterranean diet is one of the healthiest food standards of the world. Because of the abundance in essential nutrients and substances with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, it has been implicated in the maintenance of genomic stability, including telomeric DNA. Telomeric dysfunction has been associated with cell senescence, apoptosis and cancer. Therefore, the research on diet-telomere interaction is relevant for a better understanding of the role of nutrition in the prevention of chronic diseases characterised by premature aging and genomic instability/telomeric dysfunction. In the present work, major technological and scientific advances that led to the development of the Nutritional Genomics field are reviewed. Additionally, the role of the Mediterranean diet on genomic stability/telomere integrity and the modulation of nutrient-genome (mainly telomeric DNA) by specific human genetic variations are analysed. As this is an emergent area of nutritional genomics, ongoing research is crucial to enable, in the future, the integration of technical and scientific knowledge into clinical practice and nutritional counselling.
Description
Trabalho Complementar apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de licenciado em Ciências da Nutrição
Keywords
Dieta mediterrânica Estabilidade genómica Telómero SNP Genómica nutricional Mediterranean diet Genomic stability Telomere SNP Nutritional genomics