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A má oclusão e a síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono: relação e tratamento
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Abstract(s)
Introdução: Os objetivos desta dissertação são estabelecer uma correlação entre a síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono (SAOS) e as má oclusões, além de determinar a sua importância e relação. Pretende-se também definir o papel do médico dentista nesta patologia e avaliar as alternativas terapêuticas ortodônticas disponíveis atualmente para o tratamento da SAOS.
Material e métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica durante 2024, utilizando a biblioteca da Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade Fernando Pessoa e diversas bases de dados online, como Google Scholar, PubMed, MEDLINE, b-On, ScienceDirect e MeSH. Foram aplicados critérios de inclusão e exclusão, considerando artigos em inglês, português, italiano, francês e espanhol, que envolvessem pacientes com diagnóstico de SAOS. Estudos observacionais, experimentais e de caso foram incluídos, enquanto artigos de opinião, revisões narrativas e estudos irrelevantes para o tema foram excluídos.
Resultados: Foram analisados mais de 200 artigos, sendo que 88 foram incluídos neste trabalho. A análise revelou que algumas condições são mais frequentemente encontradas em pacientes com SAOS, tais como mandíbula retruída, menores dimensões faciais ântero-posteriores, retrognatismo mandibular, Classe II de Angle e overjet grave. A importância da ortodontia na SAOS é confirmada pelo facto de que tratamentos como a expansão rápida maxilar (ERM) e a cirurgia de avanço maxilo-mandibular auxiliam na resolução da SAOS.
Conclusão: A má oclusão desempenha um papel significativo no aparecimento e persistência da SAOS. Além disso, a equipa multidisciplinar para o tratamento desta síndrome deve incluir também o ortodontista, que, através da correção da má oclusão, contribui para a resolução da SAOS. O tratamento varia de acordo com cada paciente e os diferentes problemas apresentados.
Introduction: The objectives of this dissertation are to establish a correlation between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and malocclusions, and to determine their mutual importance and relationship. Additionally, it aims to define the dentist’s role in managing this pathology and evaluate current orthodontic therapeutic alternatives for OSAS treatment. Materials and Methods: A bibliographic review was conducted in 2024 using the library resources of the Faculty of Health Sciences at Universidade Fernando Pessoa and various online search engines such as Google Scholar, PubMed, MEDLINE, b-On, ScienceDirect, and MeSH. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, considering articles in English, Portuguese, Italian, French, and Spanish involving patients diagnosed with OSAS. Observational, experimental, and case studies were included, while opinion articles, narrative reviews, and studies irrelevant to the topic were excluded. Results: More than 200 articles were analyzed, with 88 meeting the inclusion criteria for this study. The analysis revealed that certain conditions are more commonly found in patients with OSAS, such as retrusive mandible, reduced anteroposterior facial dimensions, mandibular retrognathism, Class II Angle malocclusion, and severe overjet. The importance of orthodontics in OSAS is confirmed by the fact that treatments such as rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and maxillomandibular advancement surgery assist in its resolution. Conclusion: Malocclusion plays a significant role in the onset and persistence of OSAS. Moreover, the multidisciplinary team managing this syndrome should include orthodontists, who, through correcting malocclusion, contribute to resolving OSAS. Treatment approaches vary depending on individual patient needs and specific presenting issues.
Introduction: The objectives of this dissertation are to establish a correlation between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and malocclusions, and to determine their mutual importance and relationship. Additionally, it aims to define the dentist’s role in managing this pathology and evaluate current orthodontic therapeutic alternatives for OSAS treatment. Materials and Methods: A bibliographic review was conducted in 2024 using the library resources of the Faculty of Health Sciences at Universidade Fernando Pessoa and various online search engines such as Google Scholar, PubMed, MEDLINE, b-On, ScienceDirect, and MeSH. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, considering articles in English, Portuguese, Italian, French, and Spanish involving patients diagnosed with OSAS. Observational, experimental, and case studies were included, while opinion articles, narrative reviews, and studies irrelevant to the topic were excluded. Results: More than 200 articles were analyzed, with 88 meeting the inclusion criteria for this study. The analysis revealed that certain conditions are more commonly found in patients with OSAS, such as retrusive mandible, reduced anteroposterior facial dimensions, mandibular retrognathism, Class II Angle malocclusion, and severe overjet. The importance of orthodontics in OSAS is confirmed by the fact that treatments such as rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and maxillomandibular advancement surgery assist in its resolution. Conclusion: Malocclusion plays a significant role in the onset and persistence of OSAS. Moreover, the multidisciplinary team managing this syndrome should include orthodontists, who, through correcting malocclusion, contribute to resolving OSAS. Treatment approaches vary depending on individual patient needs and specific presenting issues.
Description
Keywords
SAOS Má oclusão Síndrome da apneia do sono OSAS Malocclusion Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome