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Os efeitos dos cigarros eletrónicos na saúde oral: revisão sistemática
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Projeto de pós-graduação_38412 | 535 KB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
Os cigarros eletrónicos consistem numa bateria, um dispositivo de aquecimento elétrico e um líquido aerossol que o utilizador inala. Os líquidos são geralmente compostos por um solvente, como propilenoglicol e/ou glicerina, aromatizantes e nicotina. Estes dispositivos tornaram-se muito controversos e os seus potenciais riscos têm sido debatidos em muitas áreas, incluindo a saúde oral. Alguns estudos identificaram componentes potencialmente nocivos em produtos de cigarros eletrónicos, incluindo algumas substâncias consideradas cancerígenas, sugerindo que estes dispositivos podem causar problemas sistémicos e orais. Os vapores químicos produzidos pela vaporização podem prejudicar a saúde oral, podendo alterar ou danificar as células epiteliais, causar úlceras e até cancro oral.
O objetivo deste estudo é, portanto, realizar uma revisão sistemática dos dados resultantes de estudos disponíveis sobre o impacto do uso do cigarro eletrónico na saúde oral.
Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica nas bases de dados PubMed, SciELO e Cochrane usando as seguintes palavras-chave: electronic cigarettes, e-cigarette, electronic nicotine delivery systems, oral lesions e oral health. Os critérios de inclusão foram publicações escritas em inglês, publicadas entre 2013 e 2023, e com texto completo disponível. Os artigos resultantes da pesquisa foram avaliados através da leitura do resumo, tendo sido selecionados os artigos relevantes, seguida da avaliação e seleção através da leitura completa dos mesmos.
Da pesquisa bibliográfica foram selecionados 19 estudos que avaliaram o impacto da utilização do cigarro eletrónico em vários aspetos da saúde oral. Com base nos estudos revistos é possível concluir que a utilização de cigarros eletrónicos pode estar associada ao aumento do risco para o desenvolvimento de doenças orais tais como doença periodontal, cáries, peri-implantite, bem como alterações ao nível da saliva e do microbioma oral. A literatura sugere que os utilizadores de cigarros eletrónicos podem sentir mais dor nas gengivas e sintomas orais do que os não fumadores.
E-cigarettes consist of a battery, an electrical heating device, and an aerosol liquid that the user inhales. Liquids are generally composed of a solvent, such as propylene glycol and/or glycerin, flavorings and nicotine. These devices are very controversial, and their potential risks have been discussed in several areas, including oral health. Some studies have identified potentially harmful components in e-cigarette products, including some carcinogens, indicating that these devices can cause systemic and oral health problems. The chemical vapors produced by vaporization can harm oral health, altering or damaging epithelial cells, causing ulcers and even oral cancer. The objective of this study is, therefore, to perform a systematic review of the data resulting from available studies on the impact of electronic cigarette use on oral health. A bibliographic search was performed in the PubMed, SciELO and Cochrane databases using the following keywords: electronic cigarettes, e-cigarette, electronic nicotine delivery systems, oral injuries and oral health. The inclusion criteria were publications written in English, published between 2013 and 2023, and with full text available. The articles resulting from the research were evaluated by reading the abstract, with relevant articles being selected, followed by evaluation and selection through their complete reading. From the literature search, 19 studies were selected that evaluated the impact of using electronic cigarettes on various aspects of oral health. Based on the studies reviewed, it is possible to conclude that the use of electronic cigarettes may be associated with an increased risk of developing oral diseases such as periodontal disease, cavities, peri-implantitis, as well as changes in saliva and the oral microbiome. Literature suggests that e-cigarette users may experience more gum pain and oral symptoms than non-smokers.
E-cigarettes consist of a battery, an electrical heating device, and an aerosol liquid that the user inhales. Liquids are generally composed of a solvent, such as propylene glycol and/or glycerin, flavorings and nicotine. These devices are very controversial, and their potential risks have been discussed in several areas, including oral health. Some studies have identified potentially harmful components in e-cigarette products, including some carcinogens, indicating that these devices can cause systemic and oral health problems. The chemical vapors produced by vaporization can harm oral health, altering or damaging epithelial cells, causing ulcers and even oral cancer. The objective of this study is, therefore, to perform a systematic review of the data resulting from available studies on the impact of electronic cigarette use on oral health. A bibliographic search was performed in the PubMed, SciELO and Cochrane databases using the following keywords: electronic cigarettes, e-cigarette, electronic nicotine delivery systems, oral injuries and oral health. The inclusion criteria were publications written in English, published between 2013 and 2023, and with full text available. The articles resulting from the research were evaluated by reading the abstract, with relevant articles being selected, followed by evaluation and selection through their complete reading. From the literature search, 19 studies were selected that evaluated the impact of using electronic cigarettes on various aspects of oral health. Based on the studies reviewed, it is possible to conclude that the use of electronic cigarettes may be associated with an increased risk of developing oral diseases such as periodontal disease, cavities, peri-implantitis, as well as changes in saliva and the oral microbiome. Literature suggests that e-cigarette users may experience more gum pain and oral symptoms than non-smokers.
Description
Keywords
Cigarros eletrónicos Dispositivos eletrónicos de nicotina Saúde oral Electronic cigarettes E-cigarette Electronic nicotine delivery systems Oral health