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Publication
Saliva artificial em oncologia
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PPG_24245 | 1.82 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A saliva é um importante fluido biológico resultante de secreção de glândulas exócrinas: as glândulas salivares. Apresenta uma grande complexidade na sua constituição, e é responsável pela lubrificação e hidratação da cavidade oral, manutenção da integridade do esmalte, regulação da homeostase, início do processo digestivo e proteção da mucosa oral.
A falta de saliva na cavidade oral provoca uma sensação de secura na boca denominada de xerostomia. Essa sensação pode estar ou não associada a uma hipofunção salivar e os sintomas associados permitem classificar a xerostomia consoante o seu grau de severidade.
No tratamento do cancro da cabeça e do pescoço por radioterapia, a xerostomia surge como uma das complicações mais frequentes devido a uma hipofunção salivar, resultante da incidência de radiação nas glândulas salivares, a qual provoca uma alteração na composição e fluxo normais de saliva.
O tratamento utilizado no caso de hipofunção salivar severa é a utilização de saliva artificial, cuja função é mimetizar o mais possível o comportamento da saliva natural.
A xerostomia severa também pode ser diminuída se forem adotadas medidas de prevenção adequadas como uma higiene oral rigorosa, aplicação de radiação de forma a poupar as glândulas salivares, proteção de radiação e estimulantes da produção de saliva.
A terapia genética e a terapia com células estaminais são tratamentos que se encontram em desenvolvimento e que poderão reverter casos de xerostomia severa, por restabelecimento da função salivar nas glândulas salivares.
Saliva is an important biological fluid, secreted by exocrine glands: the salivary glands. Being of great complexity in its constitution, it is mainly responsible for lubricating and hydrating the oral cavity, maintaining the enamel integrity, homeostasis regulating, beginning of the digesting process and protecting the oral mucosa. Lack of saliva in oral cavity is responsible for abnormal dryness of the mouth, normally known as xerostomia. The mouth dryness sensation sometimes results from a salivary gland hypofunction and the usual symptoms can be associated do the degree of the hypofunction severity. In head and neck cancer treatment radiotherapy, xerostomia is one of the most frequent patient’s complaints due to hiposalivary gland dysfunction, which is caused by radiation incidence in salivary glands. In severe salivary gland hypofunction, the most common treatment is artificial saliva, which is intended to mimic natural saliva. Severe xerostomia can also be diminished, if prevention measures are applied, like a strict oral hygiene, radiation techniques to spare salivary glands, radiation protection of salivary glands and the use of salivary stimulants. Gene therapy and stem cell therapy are being developed and will eventually revert severe xerostomia, by reestablishing salivary function.
Saliva is an important biological fluid, secreted by exocrine glands: the salivary glands. Being of great complexity in its constitution, it is mainly responsible for lubricating and hydrating the oral cavity, maintaining the enamel integrity, homeostasis regulating, beginning of the digesting process and protecting the oral mucosa. Lack of saliva in oral cavity is responsible for abnormal dryness of the mouth, normally known as xerostomia. The mouth dryness sensation sometimes results from a salivary gland hypofunction and the usual symptoms can be associated do the degree of the hypofunction severity. In head and neck cancer treatment radiotherapy, xerostomia is one of the most frequent patient’s complaints due to hiposalivary gland dysfunction, which is caused by radiation incidence in salivary glands. In severe salivary gland hypofunction, the most common treatment is artificial saliva, which is intended to mimic natural saliva. Severe xerostomia can also be diminished, if prevention measures are applied, like a strict oral hygiene, radiation techniques to spare salivary glands, radiation protection of salivary glands and the use of salivary stimulants. Gene therapy and stem cell therapy are being developed and will eventually revert severe xerostomia, by reestablishing salivary function.