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- Bioactive compounds from marine macroalgae in the treatment and prevention of neurodegenerative diseasesPublication . C. Leal, M. Fernanda; Duarte, Rúben Jorge Guedes; Lopes Cardoso, Inês; Catarino, Rita; Pimenta, Adriana; Souto, RenataTo date, neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, have no cure. The identification of natural compounds that can be used to treat and prevent neurodegeneration is of growing scientific interest. Marine macroalgae are associated with added value in the areas of therapeutics, food, and industry, and are unexplored sources of bioactive compounds including phlorotannins, terpenes, pigments, phytosterols, and polysaccharides, with beneficial properties for human health. Their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-amyloidogenic properties increasingly reinforce their great neuroprotective potential, acting to protect against oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction, which are related to the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases. Few compounds from marine macroalgae have been studied in clinical trials to date. However, the recent approval in China by the National Medical Products Administration of a marine macroalgae oligosaccharide, sodium oligomannate, for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease has paved the way for the discovery of drugs with potential for the treatment and prevention of neurodegenerative diseases based on marine macroalgae. This manuscript reviews the mechanisms of neurodegeneration characteristic of diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, and the bioactive compounds of marine macroalgae that exhibit neuroprotective effects, as well as their application in the treatment and prevention of neurodegenerative diseases.
- Impact of female hormonal changes throughout life on oral health: a scoping reviewPublication . Lopes Cardoso, Inês; Fryde, Mayane; Guimarães, Maria Inês; C. Leal, M. FernandaThis work looks at the impact of female hormonal fluctuations throughout life, during puberty, pregnancy and the menopause, on oral health. These physiological periods, marked by major variations in estrogen and progesterone levels, influence oral health, so the following question was formulated: to what extent do female hormonal fluctuations influence oral health? Through a scoping review of 37 scientific articles selected using a rigorous methodology (in particular using the Rayyan tool), it was possible to highlight clinical manifestations specific to each hormonal stage. In adolescent girls, puberty is frequently accompanied by exacerbated gingivitis, independent of dental plaque. During pregnancy, the increase in hormones leads to increased gingival inflammation and transient tooth mobility. Finally, the menopause is associated with a drop in female sex hormones, which can lead to dry mouth, altered salivary flora and accelerated bone loss, all of which contribute to the worsening of periodontal disease. These results underline the importance of a preventive and personalized approach to oral health care for patients, taking into account the hormonal context. They also highlight the collaboration between dentists, general practitioners and gynecologists, to optimize comprehensive care for women at every stage of their hormonal life.
- Mapping the importance of pink teeth in forensic medicine for determining cause of death: protocol of a scoping reviewPublication . Lopes Cardoso, Inês; Sá, Mariana; Chiadmi, Yasmine; Moreira, Teresa; Guimarães, Maria InêsPostmortem pink teeth have been described in forensic casework for more than a century and are frequently reported in association with deaths involving drowning, asphyxiation, trauma, or electrocution. Despite recurrent mention in forensic literature, the underlying mechanisms, prevalence, and diagnostic value of this phenomenon remain unclear and inconsistently interpreted. The aim of this scoping review is to map the existing evidence on postmortem pink teeth and to explore their potential relevance in determining the cause of death in forensic medicine. Specifically, this review seeks to identify how the phenomenon has been reported, which pathophysiological mechanisms have been proposed, and which contextual or en-vironmental factors may influence its occurrence. Particular attention will be given to the challenges of differentiating postmortem pink teeth from antemortem dental discolora-tions, such as those resulting from trauma or congenital conditions. This protocol was developed in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) meth-odology for scoping reviews and the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. A comprehensive search strategy was predefined and applied across multiple databases. The study selection pro-cess was conducted at the protocol stage, and the results of identification, screening, and eligibility assessment are documented using a PRISMA-ScR flow diagram. A total of twelve studies met the predefined inclusion criteria and were identified as eligible for in-clusion in the final scoping review. Data extraction and synthesis will be performed following protocol publication, using a standardized JBI-based data extraction tool. The extracted data will be presented in narrative and tabular formats, enabling a structured mapping of the current evidence base, identification of knowledge gaps, and clarification of the potential forensic significance of postmortem pink teeth.