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Prevenção do cancro do colo do útero: informação e comportamentos das mulheres
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Abstract(s)
O cancro do colo do útero é o segundo tipo de cancro mais frequente na mulher em todo o mundo. No entanto, a prevenção do cancro do colo do útero é a estratégia-chave. São meios de prevenção do cancro do Colo do Útero: a abstinência de relações sexuais, uso regular de preservativo nas relações sexuais e limitar o número de parceiros. Em 2008 foi instituída no Plano Nacional de Vacinação a vacina contra o HPV. A citologia ou Papanicolau, constitui um meio de diagnóstico precoce.Existem várias formas de prevenção para o cancro do colo do útero. A Ordem dos Enfermeiros preconiza que é competência do enfermeiro de cuidados gerais a promoção da saúde e a prevenção da doença. Desta forma, o tema escolhido foi o seguinte: “Prevenção do Cancro do Colo do Útero: Informação e Comportamento das Mulheres”. O objetivo geral é determinar a informação e os comportamentos das mulheres em idade adulta residentes em Ponte de Lima, acerca da prevenção do cancro do colo do útero. Optou-se por realizar um estudo quantitativo, descritivo. Os dados foram colhidos através de um questionário autoadministrável. A população em estudo é constituída por mulheres, residentes naquele concelho, com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 65 anos que frequentaram o local Largo de Camões, nos dias 17 e 18 de Julho 2012, das 8h00 às 20h00 que se disponibilizaram a responder ao questionário proposto.
Relativamente aos resultados obtidos, quanto à prevenção do CCU, trinta e seis mulheres questionadas admitiram a vacina como único método de prevenção, sendo as seguintes opções as mais escolhidas: uso do preservativo e da vacina e abstinência de relações sexuais, uso do preservativo, limitar o número de parceiros sexuais e vacina. Apenas uma mulher apresentava o fator de risco múltiplos parceiros sexuais. Relativamente ao comportamento: usar preservativo nas relações sexuais, vinte e oito das mulheres participantes da amostra disseram que nunca usavam o preservativo e apenas quinze das oitenta e três mulheres referiram usar sempre preservativo. Embora quarenta e três mulheres considerassem o uso irregular do preservativo um fator de risco para o surgimento do CCU, apenas quinze mulheres manifestaram usar sempre o preservativo.
Cancer of the cervix is the second most common cancer in women worldwide. However, the prevention of cervix cancers is the key strategy. They are means to prevent Cervical Cancer: abstinence from sex, regular use of condoms during sexual intercourse and limited number of partners. In 2008 was established in the National Vaccination Plan the use of HPV vaccine. The cytology or Pap smear, is a means of early diagnostic. There are several ways to prevent cancer of the cervix. The Nursing order, suggests that it is the responsibility of the Nurse to Care about General health promotion and disease prevention. This way, the theme was: “Prevention of Cervical: Information and Behaviors of Women.” The overall objective is to determine the information and behavior of adulthood women living in Ponte de Lima, about the prevention of the cervix cancer. We decided to conduct a quantitative, descriptive study. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire. The study population consist of women living in that country, aged between 18 and 65. The sample selected for this research study consist of a set of 83 women aged between 18 and 65 years who attended the local Largo de Camões, on 17 and 18 July 2012, from 8 am to 20 which they made to respond to the proposed questionnaire. Regarding the results obtained, to prevent the CC, thirty-six women questioned admitted the vaccine as the only method and abstinence from sexual intercourse, condom use, limiting the number of sexual partners and the vaccine. Only one woman had a risk factor multiple sexual partners. Regarding the behavior: a condom during sexual intercourse, twenty-eight women participants in the sample said they never used condoms and only fifteen of the eighty-three women reported always using condoms. Although forty-three women consider the irregular use of condoms a risk factor for the emergence of the CC, only fifteen women reported always using condoms.
Cancer of the cervix is the second most common cancer in women worldwide. However, the prevention of cervix cancers is the key strategy. They are means to prevent Cervical Cancer: abstinence from sex, regular use of condoms during sexual intercourse and limited number of partners. In 2008 was established in the National Vaccination Plan the use of HPV vaccine. The cytology or Pap smear, is a means of early diagnostic. There are several ways to prevent cancer of the cervix. The Nursing order, suggests that it is the responsibility of the Nurse to Care about General health promotion and disease prevention. This way, the theme was: “Prevention of Cervical: Information and Behaviors of Women.” The overall objective is to determine the information and behavior of adulthood women living in Ponte de Lima, about the prevention of the cervix cancer. We decided to conduct a quantitative, descriptive study. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire. The study population consist of women living in that country, aged between 18 and 65. The sample selected for this research study consist of a set of 83 women aged between 18 and 65 years who attended the local Largo de Camões, on 17 and 18 July 2012, from 8 am to 20 which they made to respond to the proposed questionnaire. Regarding the results obtained, to prevent the CC, thirty-six women questioned admitted the vaccine as the only method and abstinence from sexual intercourse, condom use, limiting the number of sexual partners and the vaccine. Only one woman had a risk factor multiple sexual partners. Regarding the behavior: a condom during sexual intercourse, twenty-eight women participants in the sample said they never used condoms and only fifteen of the eighty-three women reported always using condoms. Although forty-three women consider the irregular use of condoms a risk factor for the emergence of the CC, only fifteen women reported always using condoms.
Description
Trabalho apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciada em Enfermagem
Keywords
Cancro Colo do útero Mulher HPV