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Análise nutricional do fruto carpobrotus edulis: potencial aplicação na nutrição
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trabalho complementar_41183 | 749.11 KB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
Introdução: As plantas invasoras são, atualmente, uma das principais ameaças à biodiversidade global e Portugal possui um grave problema de invasão por estas espécies, as quais têm promovido a uma alteração dos ecossistemas nativos. Desta forma, torna-se imperativo estudá-las, não só na ótica botânica, mas também como recurso natural edível.
Objetivos: Este estudo pretendeu valorizar os frutos de Carpobrotus edulis (L.), uma planta invasora da costa de Portugal, como fonte alimentar rica em nutrientes e compostos bioativos para consumo direto e/ou incorporação em matrizes alimentares.
Metodologia: Para a análise centesimal (humidade, cinzas, proteína bruta, gordura total e hidratos de carbono) seguiram-se os protocolos da Associação de Químicos Analíticos Oficiais. O perfil de minerais foi realizado por absorção atómica de chama. Os ácidos gordos foram analisados por cromatografia gasosa acoplada com detetor de ionização de chama após conversão em ésteres metílicos de ácidos gordos. A determinação dos teores de compostos fenólicos e de flavonoides totais em diferentes extratos seguiu metodologias colorimétricas e a atividade antioxidante foi estudada recorrendo a duas metodologias analíticas correntes: método DPPH• e FRAP.
Resultados: Os frutos de C. edulis contêm elevados teores de hidratos de carbono (60,5%), proteína total (22,8%) e cinzas (10,9%). Em contraste, foram observados teores baixos de gordura (4,5%). No que toca ao perfil mineral, os macroelementos maioritários presentes no fruto estudado foram o cálcio (12,44 mg/g), magnésio (2,98 mg/g) e potássio (1,24 mg/g), respetivamente. Da fração lipídica, o ácido linoleico (52,08%), o ácido oleico (17,51%) e o ácido palmítico (12,41%) foram os principais ácidos gordos encontrados nos frutos. O extrato hidroalcoólico obteve maior concentração de fenólicos totais (311,7 mg EAG/g) e de flavonoides totais (50,43 mg EC/g). Todos os extratos demonstraram elevado potencial antioxidante, no entanto, o extrato hidroalcoólico apresentou maior atividade (DPPH•: 95,89%; FRAP: 47,27%).
Conclusões: O perfil centesimal e a presença de compostos bioativos associados às propriedades antioxidantes divulgadas nos frutos de C. edulis valorizam o seu potencial para aplicação em indústrias alimentares e nutracêuticas com benefícios para a saúde.
Introduction: Invasive plants are currently one of the most severe dangers to worldwide biodiversity and Portugal is experiencing an extensive invasion by these species, which has caused modifications to native ecosystems. As a result, it is critical to study them, not only from a botanical point of view, but also as an edible natural resource. Aims: The purpose of this study was to assess the utility of the fruits of Carpobrotus edulis (L.), an invasive plant from the Portuguese coast, as a nutritional and bioactive component source for direct consumption and/or integration into food matrices. Methodology: The centesimal analysis (moisture, ash, crude protein, total fat, and carbs) was performed in accordance with Association of Official Agricultural Chemists standards. Mineral profile was performed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry assay. Fatty acids were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with flame ionization detector after conversion to fatty acid methyl esters. The amounts of phenolic compounds and total flavonoids in different extracts were determined using colorimetric approaches, and antioxidant activity was investigated using two current analytical procedures: DPPH• and FRAP methods. Results: C. edulis fruits contain high amounts of carbohydrates (60.5%), total protein (22.8%), and ashes (10.9%). In contrast, low contents of fat (4.5%) were observed. Regarding the mineral profile, the major macroelements present in fruits were calcium (12.44 mg/g), magnesium (2.98 mg/g) and potassium (1.24 mg/g), respectively. Of the lipid fraction, linoleic acid (52.08%), oleic acid (17.51%) and palmitic acid (12.41%) were the main fatty acids found in the fruits. The hydroalcoholic extract exhibited greater amounts of total phenolics (311.7 mg GAE/g) and total flavonoids (50.43 mg CE/g). All extracts had considerable antioxidant activity, however the hydroalcoholic extract was more effective (DPPH•: 95.89%; FRAP: 47.27%). Conclusions: The centesimal profile and the presence of bioactive compounds related to antioxidant attributes found in C. edulis fruits highlight their potential for use in the food and nutraceutical industries with health benefits.
Introduction: Invasive plants are currently one of the most severe dangers to worldwide biodiversity and Portugal is experiencing an extensive invasion by these species, which has caused modifications to native ecosystems. As a result, it is critical to study them, not only from a botanical point of view, but also as an edible natural resource. Aims: The purpose of this study was to assess the utility of the fruits of Carpobrotus edulis (L.), an invasive plant from the Portuguese coast, as a nutritional and bioactive component source for direct consumption and/or integration into food matrices. Methodology: The centesimal analysis (moisture, ash, crude protein, total fat, and carbs) was performed in accordance with Association of Official Agricultural Chemists standards. Mineral profile was performed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry assay. Fatty acids were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with flame ionization detector after conversion to fatty acid methyl esters. The amounts of phenolic compounds and total flavonoids in different extracts were determined using colorimetric approaches, and antioxidant activity was investigated using two current analytical procedures: DPPH• and FRAP methods. Results: C. edulis fruits contain high amounts of carbohydrates (60.5%), total protein (22.8%), and ashes (10.9%). In contrast, low contents of fat (4.5%) were observed. Regarding the mineral profile, the major macroelements present in fruits were calcium (12.44 mg/g), magnesium (2.98 mg/g) and potassium (1.24 mg/g), respectively. Of the lipid fraction, linoleic acid (52.08%), oleic acid (17.51%) and palmitic acid (12.41%) were the main fatty acids found in the fruits. The hydroalcoholic extract exhibited greater amounts of total phenolics (311.7 mg GAE/g) and total flavonoids (50.43 mg CE/g). All extracts had considerable antioxidant activity, however the hydroalcoholic extract was more effective (DPPH•: 95.89%; FRAP: 47.27%). Conclusions: The centesimal profile and the presence of bioactive compounds related to antioxidant attributes found in C. edulis fruits highlight their potential for use in the food and nutraceutical industries with health benefits.
Description
Trabalho Complementar apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciada em Ciências da Nutrição.
Keywords
Frutos de Carpobrotus edulis Caracterização nutricional Perfil mineral Ácidos gordos Compostos bioativos Atividade antioxidante Carpobrotus edulis fruits Nutritional characterization Mineral profile Fatty acids Bioactive compounds Antioxidant activity