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O objetivo da obturação do sistema de canais radiculares é criar um selamento hermético que impeça a microinfiltração de fluídos no interior do sistema canalar. Desta forma uma adequada obturação deve evitar a entrada bacteriana e eliminar quaisquer microrganismos residuais que possam permanecer após a fase de limpeza e conformação dos canais radiculares, de forma a prevenir a reinfeção do espaço canalar ou a manutenção da infeção. O principal objetivo desta revisão integrativa é comparar e avaliar a capacidade de selamento endodôntico utilizando dois tipos de cimentos obturadores, um à base de MTA (Agregado de Trióxido Mineral) e um cimento biocerâmico, a fim de determinar qual deles pode garantir melhores resultados em termos de capacidade de selamento. Para tal foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica nas bases de dados PubMed, B-On e ScienceDirect com diversas palavras-chave combinadas entre si. A questão de investigação desta revisão foi “Que tipo de cimento de obturação, biocerâmico ou MTA, é mais indicado para permitir um melhor selamento canalar?” Foram incluídos diversos tipos de estudos, tais como ensaios clínicos randomizados, estudos de caso-controlo, estudos in vivo, estudos in vitro, estudos transversais e estudos longitudinais, publicados desde o ano de 2018 e que avaliaram a realização do tratamento endodôntico com os dois tipos de cimentos e compararam a sua capacidade de selamento. Desta forma obtiveram-se 12 artigos que cumpriam os critérios de inclusão desta revisão. Estes artigos são todos estudos in vitro e apresentam amostras que variam entre os 34 dentes e os 125 dentes. Verificou-se que a maioria dos estudos afirma que os cimentos biocerâmicos apresentam melhores resultados a nível da capacidade de selamento endodôntico do que os cimentos à base de MTA. No futuro são necessários mais estudos, com maiores tempos de follow-up, e que simulem condições orais para fornecer mais suporte sobre a capacidade de selamento destes materiais. Será necessário desenvolver estudos mais padronizados, que avaliem o mesmo tipo de cimentos, biocerâmicos e MTA, para uma maior fiabilidade de resultados.
The purpose of root canal obturation is to create a hermetic seal that prevents microleakage of fluids into the canal system. Therefore, an adequate obturation should prevent bacterial entry and eliminate any residual microorganisms that may remain after the cleaning and shaping phase of the root canals, in order to prevent reinfection of the canal space or the maintenance of the infection. The main objective of this integrative review is to compare and evaluate the endodontic sealing capacity using two types of obturation cements, one based on MTA (Mineral Trioxide Aggregate) and one based on bioceramic cement, in order to determine which one can guarantee better results in terms of sealing capacity. For this purpose, a bibliographic search was carried out in the PubMed, B-On and ScienceDirect databases with several keywords combined with each other. The research question of this review was “Which type of obturation cement, bioceramic or MTA, is more suitable for allowing a better canal sealing?” Various types of studies were included, such as randomized clinical trials, case-control studies, in vivo studies, in vitro studies, cross-sectional studies and longitudinal studies, published since 2018 and which evaluated the performance of endodontic treatment with the two types of cements and compared their sealing capacity. Thus, 12 articles were obtained that met the inclusion criteria for this review. These articles are all in vitro studies and present samples ranging from 34 to 125 teeth. It was found that most studies state that bioceramic cements present better results in terms of endodontic sealing capacity than MTA-based cements. In the future, more studies are needed, with longer follow-up times, and that simulate oral conditions to provide more support on the sealing capacity of these materials. It will be necessary to develop more standardized studies, which evaluate the same type of cements, bioceramics and MTA, for greater reliability of results.
The purpose of root canal obturation is to create a hermetic seal that prevents microleakage of fluids into the canal system. Therefore, an adequate obturation should prevent bacterial entry and eliminate any residual microorganisms that may remain after the cleaning and shaping phase of the root canals, in order to prevent reinfection of the canal space or the maintenance of the infection. The main objective of this integrative review is to compare and evaluate the endodontic sealing capacity using two types of obturation cements, one based on MTA (Mineral Trioxide Aggregate) and one based on bioceramic cement, in order to determine which one can guarantee better results in terms of sealing capacity. For this purpose, a bibliographic search was carried out in the PubMed, B-On and ScienceDirect databases with several keywords combined with each other. The research question of this review was “Which type of obturation cement, bioceramic or MTA, is more suitable for allowing a better canal sealing?” Various types of studies were included, such as randomized clinical trials, case-control studies, in vivo studies, in vitro studies, cross-sectional studies and longitudinal studies, published since 2018 and which evaluated the performance of endodontic treatment with the two types of cements and compared their sealing capacity. Thus, 12 articles were obtained that met the inclusion criteria for this review. These articles are all in vitro studies and present samples ranging from 34 to 125 teeth. It was found that most studies state that bioceramic cements present better results in terms of endodontic sealing capacity than MTA-based cements. In the future, more studies are needed, with longer follow-up times, and that simulate oral conditions to provide more support on the sealing capacity of these materials. It will be necessary to develop more standardized studies, which evaluate the same type of cements, bioceramics and MTA, for greater reliability of results.
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Root filling material Bioceramics MTA Endodontic treatment Sealing ability