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A eficácia dos cimentos biocerâmicos para a obturação endodôntica: revisão integrativa
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O tratamento endodôntico pretende manter ou restaurar a função e a atividade da polpa e dos tecidos periapicais ao reduzir a presença de microrganismos, eliminar a infeção e promover a cicatrização perirradicular. As biocerâmicas à base de silicato de cálcio têm aumentado a taxa de sucesso no tratamento endodôntico devido às suas excelentes características biológicas. Desta forma, esta revisão integrativa tem como objetivo analisar os parâmetros físico-químicos e biológicos dos cimentos biocerâmicos, a fim de avaliar a sua eficácia. A questão orientadora desta revisão integrativa foi formulada de acordo com os critérios PIO: “Qual a eficácia dos cimentos biocerâmicos na obturação endodôntica?”. Para tal, foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica nas bases de dados PubMed e ScienceDirect por artigos publicados entre 2014 e 2024 que deveriam estar de encontro com os critérios de elegibilidade selecionados. Foram então incluídos 14 estudos que abordam o estudo das propriedades físico-químicas e biológicas dos cimentos biocerâmicos. Com base nos resultados obtidos nos diversos estudos selecionados e analisados, pode concluir-se que os cimentos biocerâmicos apresentam boas propriedades de trabalho, tempo de presa mais curto e adequado, pH alcalino, capacidade de libertação de iões de cálcio, biocompatibilidade, grande capacidade de selamento e atividade antibacteriana, aproximando-se das características do cimento ideal para obturação. Desta forma, os cimentos biocerâmicos têm um futuro muito promissor na sua aplicação para a obturação endodôntica. Contudo, embora as suas propriedades sejam um bom indicador para serem um excelente material de obturação, são necessárias mais provas científicas e acompanhamento clínico.
Endodontic treatment aims to maintain or restore the function and activity of the pulp and periapical tissues by reducing the presence of microorganisms, eliminating infection and promoting periradicular healing. Calcium silicate-based bioceramics have increased the success rate in endodontic treatment due to their excellent biological characteristics. Therefore, this integrative review aims to analyze the physicochemical and biological parameters of bioceramic cements in order to evaluate their efficacy. The guiding question of this integrative review was formulated according to the PIO criteria: “How effective are bioceramic cements in endodontic obturation?”. To this end, a bibliographic search was carried out in the PubMed and ScienceDirect databases for articles published between 2014 and 2024 that should meet the selected eligibility criteria. Fourteen studies that address the study of the physicochemical and biological properties of bioceramic cements were then included. Based on the results obtained in the various studies selected and analyzed, it can be concluded that bioceramic cements present good working properties, shorter and adequate setting time, alkaline pH, capacity to release calcium ions, biocompatibility, high sealing capacity and antibacterial activity, approaching the characteristics of the ideal cement for obturation. Thus, bioceramic cements have a very promising future in their application for endodontic obturation. However, although their properties are a good indicator of being an excellent obturation material, more scientific evidence and clinical monitoring are needed.
Endodontic treatment aims to maintain or restore the function and activity of the pulp and periapical tissues by reducing the presence of microorganisms, eliminating infection and promoting periradicular healing. Calcium silicate-based bioceramics have increased the success rate in endodontic treatment due to their excellent biological characteristics. Therefore, this integrative review aims to analyze the physicochemical and biological parameters of bioceramic cements in order to evaluate their efficacy. The guiding question of this integrative review was formulated according to the PIO criteria: “How effective are bioceramic cements in endodontic obturation?”. To this end, a bibliographic search was carried out in the PubMed and ScienceDirect databases for articles published between 2014 and 2024 that should meet the selected eligibility criteria. Fourteen studies that address the study of the physicochemical and biological properties of bioceramic cements were then included. Based on the results obtained in the various studies selected and analyzed, it can be concluded that bioceramic cements present good working properties, shorter and adequate setting time, alkaline pH, capacity to release calcium ions, biocompatibility, high sealing capacity and antibacterial activity, approaching the characteristics of the ideal cement for obturation. Thus, bioceramic cements have a very promising future in their application for endodontic obturation. However, although their properties are a good indicator of being an excellent obturation material, more scientific evidence and clinical monitoring are needed.
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Cimentos biocerâmicos Obturação de canais radiculares Selador de canais radiculares Biocompatibilidade Propriedades Endodontia Bioceramic sealers Root canal obturation Root canal sealer Biocompatibility Properties Endodontics