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Influência do microbioma no desenvolvimento de dermatite atópica e psoríase
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| PPG_38884 | 668.06 KB | Adobe PDF |
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Resumo(s)
A pele é o maior órgão do corpo humano, colonizado por um diverso meio de microrganismos, a maioria dos quais são inofensivos ou até benéficos para o hospedeiro.
A colonização é impulsionada pela ecologia da superfície da pele, que é altamente variável dependendo da localização topográfica, fatores endógenos do hospedeiro e fatores ambientais exógenos. As respostas imunes cutâneas inatas e adaptativas podem modular a microbiota da pele, mas a microbiota também atua na educação do sistema imunológico.
Nesta dissertação pretende-se perceber a influência do microbioma no desenvolvimento de duas doenças de pele, por vezes confundidas, dermatite atópica e psoríase. Nesse sentido, foi alvo de análise as características, a constituição e a distribuição do microbioma da pele e a importância da manutenção de uma microbiota comensal equilibrada e funcional. Adicionalmente, foram identificadas as características
e manifestações clínicas da dermatite atópica e psoríase, bem como os tratamentos e fármacos empregues em cada patologia. Também foi explorado o uso de prebióticos e probióticos na prevenção e tratamento. Foi ainda alvo de análise a associação das duas patologias com a microbiota cutânea alterada. Assim, enquanto a dermatite atópica é dominada por uma única espécie microbiana (Staphylococcus aureus), várias espécies
estão associadas com a psoríase.
Concluiu-se que estas doenças são complexas e multifatoriais. Ambas determinam um impacto na qualidade de vida que pode ser devastador, com repercussões na vida pessoal, profissional, sexual e financeiras. O melhor tratamento é o tratamento personalizado que mais se adeque a cada caso e a cada doente. Desta forma, o farmacêutico é muitas vezes o primeiro interveniente neste tipo de patologias, já que o utente recorre em primeiro lugar à farmácia para reportar alguma alteração da pele. O farmacêutico deve, portanto, ser capaz de identificar os sintomas e encaminhar o utente para o seu médico, assim como recomendar estratégias de prevenção e tratamentos adequados.
The skin is the largest organ in the human body colonized by a great diversity of microorganisms, most of them being harmless or even beneficial to the host. Colonization is driven by the ecology of the skin's surface, which is highly variable depending on the topographic location, the host's endogenous factors and exogenous environmental factors. Innate and adaptive skin immune responses can influence the skin microbiome, but the microbiome also has effects on the immunological system. This dissertation intends to perceive the influence of the microbiome on the development of two skin diseases, that are sometimes confused, atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. In this sense, the characteristics, the constitution and distribution of the skin microbiome and the importance of maintaining a balanced and functional commensal microbiota were analyzed. Additionally, the characteristics and clinical manifestations of atopic dermatitis and psoriasis were identified, as well as the treatments and drugs used in each pathology. The use of prebiotics and probiotics was also explored as prevention and treatment. The association of the two pathologies with altered skin microbiota was also considered. Thus, while atopic dermatitis is dominated by a single microbial species (Staphylococcus aureus), several species are associated with psoriasis. It was concluded that these diseases are complex and multifactorial. Both may have an impact on life quality that can be devastating with repercussions on personal, professional, sexual and financial life. The best approach to fight these diseases is a personalized treatment that will best suit each case and each patient. Thus, the pharmacist is often the first health professional in contact with these pathologies, since the patient first turns to the pharmacy to report any changes in the skin. The pharmacist must, therefore, be able to identify the symptoms and refer them to their doctor, as well as recommend prevention strategies and appropriate treatments.
The skin is the largest organ in the human body colonized by a great diversity of microorganisms, most of them being harmless or even beneficial to the host. Colonization is driven by the ecology of the skin's surface, which is highly variable depending on the topographic location, the host's endogenous factors and exogenous environmental factors. Innate and adaptive skin immune responses can influence the skin microbiome, but the microbiome also has effects on the immunological system. This dissertation intends to perceive the influence of the microbiome on the development of two skin diseases, that are sometimes confused, atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. In this sense, the characteristics, the constitution and distribution of the skin microbiome and the importance of maintaining a balanced and functional commensal microbiota were analyzed. Additionally, the characteristics and clinical manifestations of atopic dermatitis and psoriasis were identified, as well as the treatments and drugs used in each pathology. The use of prebiotics and probiotics was also explored as prevention and treatment. The association of the two pathologies with altered skin microbiota was also considered. Thus, while atopic dermatitis is dominated by a single microbial species (Staphylococcus aureus), several species are associated with psoriasis. It was concluded that these diseases are complex and multifactorial. Both may have an impact on life quality that can be devastating with repercussions on personal, professional, sexual and financial life. The best approach to fight these diseases is a personalized treatment that will best suit each case and each patient. Thus, the pharmacist is often the first health professional in contact with these pathologies, since the patient first turns to the pharmacy to report any changes in the skin. The pharmacist must, therefore, be able to identify the symptoms and refer them to their doctor, as well as recommend prevention strategies and appropriate treatments.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Microbioma Microbiota Pele Dermatite atópica Psoríase Microbiome Skin Atopic dermatitis Psoriasis