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Tradução e adaptação cultural do “Mississipi aphasia screening test” para a população portuguesa
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 18157 | 2.48 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
De entre as principais alterações da comunicação que têm como causa um distúrbio ou lesão neurológica encontra-se a afasia (Talarico, Venegas & Ortiz, 2009).
Sabe-se que as perturbações adquiridas da linguagem e da fala em quadros neurológicos do adulto afectam quer a competência linguística propriamente dita (afasias), quer o desempenho linguístico. Estas perturbações coexistem frequentemente e, desenvolvem-se com parte de uma doença neurológica que é resultante de áreas cerebrais relacionadas com a linguagem e fala (Almeida, 2009).
Os processos de produção da fala e linguagem englobam actividades distintas do córtex cerebral. Desta forma, diferentes tipos de alteração no Sistema Nervoso Central (SNC) podem resultar em diversos distúrbios de linguagem e/ou fala (Talarico, Venegas & Ortiz, 2009). Estes autores referem que o acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) e o traumatismo crânio-encefálico (TCE) são as causas mais frequentes (na prática clínica) para as lesões cerebrais, as quais podem resultar em alterações decorrentes da linguagem e/ou fala.
A avaliação da linguagem e comunicação inclui observações bem estruturadas baseadas nos resultados de screenings de avaliação em contexto de internamento, baterias de avaliação da linguagem compreensiva em afasias e/ou testes de funções específicas da linguagem (Patterson & Chapey, 2007).
Os screenings fornecem um meio eficiente para a determinação da presença ou ausência de afasia e para o desenvolvimento de ideias para uma posterior avaliação e procedimentos a ser utilizados numa intervenção inicial (Al-Khawaja, Wade & Collin, 1996; Salter et al., 2006 cit. in Patterson & Chapey, 2007).
Embora as avaliações de triagem não forneçam descrições detalhadas dos défices específicos da linguagem, elas representam um meio rápido e eficiente de determinar a presença ou ausência de défices da linguagem, particularmente entre os pacientes que podem não ser capazes de tolerar um processo de avaliação prolongado (Košťálová et al., 2008).
Para pacientes com perturbações linguísticas severas, uma prolongada avaliação da linguagem por meio de baterias pode não ser importante para uma avaliação sequencial. A maior desvantagem de utilizar baterias de avaliação da linguagem com pessoas com afasia é o facto de que pequenos progressos ao longo do tempo podem não ser realçados nas cotações finais e, para além disto, os pacientes podem ficar frustrados devido ao prolongado tempo de aplicação da bateria (Nakase-Thompson et al., 2005).
Segundo Obler & Gjerlow (1999), os terapeutas da fala contribuem com o seu conhecimento especializado sobre afasia e as suas investigações clínicas e teóricas para os problemas de linguagem.
Desta forma, o presente estudo tem como objectivo principal verificar se o “Mississipi Aphasia Screening Test” foi bem traduzido para a língua portuguesa e se este é um meio eficaz de avaliação das competências linguísticas em adultos que tenham sofrido uma lesão neurológica, tendo por base a opinião de terapeutas da fala especializados nesta área de intervenção em Terapia da Fala.
Aphasia is among the major communication disorders caused by neurological injury (Talarico, Venegas & Ortiz, 2009). It is known that acquired disorders of language and speech in adukts who have brain damage affect both linguistic competence (aphasia) and the linguistic performance. These disorders often coexist and thrive as part of a neurological disease that results from brain areas related to language and speech (Adams, 2009). The production processes of speech and language encompass different activities of the cerebral cortex. Thus, different types of changes in central nervous system (CNS) can result in many language and/or speech disorders (Talarico, Venegas e Ortiz, 2009). These authors reported that the cerebrovascular accident (CVA) and traumatic brain injury (TBI) are the most common (in practice) cerebral lesions that may result in to language and/or speech changes. The assessment of language and communication includes well structured observations based in screenings results applied in hospitalization context, batteries of comprehensive language assessment in aphasia and/or testing of specific functions of language (Patterson & Chapey, 2007). Screenings provide an effective means for determining the presence or absence of aphasia and to develop ideas for further evaluation and procedures to be used in an introductory statement (Al-Kawaja, Wade & Collin, 1996; Salter et al., 2006 cit. in Chapey & Patterson, 2007). Although screening evaluations do not provide detailed descriptions of specific language deficits, they represent a fast and efficient means of determining the presence or absence of language deficits, particularly among patients who may not be able to tolerate a prolonged evaluation process ( Košťálová et al., 2008). For patients with severe language disorders, a prolonged examination of language by through the application of a comprehensive battery may not be important to a sequential assessment. The biggest disadvantage of using batteries of language assessment for people with aphasia is the fact that little progress over time cannot be brought out in the final prices and beyond that, patients may become frustrated due to the prolonged duration of application of battery (Nakase-Thompson et al., 2005). According Gjerlow & Obler (1999), speech therapists contribute their expertise on aphasia and their clinical and theoretical research to the problems of language. Thus, this study’s main goal is to verify if the translation of the “Mississipi Aphasia Screening Test” was done correctly and if the speech therapists specialized in this area agreed with the fact of MAST being an efficient means of assessing language skills in adults who have suffered a neurological injury.
Aphasia is among the major communication disorders caused by neurological injury (Talarico, Venegas & Ortiz, 2009). It is known that acquired disorders of language and speech in adukts who have brain damage affect both linguistic competence (aphasia) and the linguistic performance. These disorders often coexist and thrive as part of a neurological disease that results from brain areas related to language and speech (Adams, 2009). The production processes of speech and language encompass different activities of the cerebral cortex. Thus, different types of changes in central nervous system (CNS) can result in many language and/or speech disorders (Talarico, Venegas e Ortiz, 2009). These authors reported that the cerebrovascular accident (CVA) and traumatic brain injury (TBI) are the most common (in practice) cerebral lesions that may result in to language and/or speech changes. The assessment of language and communication includes well structured observations based in screenings results applied in hospitalization context, batteries of comprehensive language assessment in aphasia and/or testing of specific functions of language (Patterson & Chapey, 2007). Screenings provide an effective means for determining the presence or absence of aphasia and to develop ideas for further evaluation and procedures to be used in an introductory statement (Al-Kawaja, Wade & Collin, 1996; Salter et al., 2006 cit. in Chapey & Patterson, 2007). Although screening evaluations do not provide detailed descriptions of specific language deficits, they represent a fast and efficient means of determining the presence or absence of language deficits, particularly among patients who may not be able to tolerate a prolonged evaluation process ( Košťálová et al., 2008). For patients with severe language disorders, a prolonged examination of language by through the application of a comprehensive battery may not be important to a sequential assessment. The biggest disadvantage of using batteries of language assessment for people with aphasia is the fact that little progress over time cannot be brought out in the final prices and beyond that, patients may become frustrated due to the prolonged duration of application of battery (Nakase-Thompson et al., 2005). According Gjerlow & Obler (1999), speech therapists contribute their expertise on aphasia and their clinical and theoretical research to the problems of language. Thus, this study’s main goal is to verify if the translation of the “Mississipi Aphasia Screening Test” was done correctly and if the speech therapists specialized in this area agreed with the fact of MAST being an efficient means of assessing language skills in adults who have suffered a neurological injury.
Description
Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciada em Terapêutica da Fala