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Tristeza pós-parto - importância do diagnóstico precoce
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Abstract(s)
A “Tristeza pós-parto” tem vindo a merecer atenção de vários estudiosos, pois é uma alteração de humor contemporânea, que resulta do processo de adaptação da nova mãe ao papel materno e de acordo com a literatura afecta cerca de 80% das puérperas. Assim, os profissionais de enfermagem podem assumir um papel preponderante na prevenção da instalação desta alteração de humor, assim como,quando está estabelecida, prevenir que a mesma evolua para situações mais complicadas (depressão pós-parto).
O presente trabalho aborda esta temática e apresenta um estudo descritivo simples, com o recurso ao método quantitativo, desenvolvido numa amostra de puérperas, que se deslocaram ao centro de saúde. Utilizou-se como instrumento de colheita de dados, um questionário que inclui uma escala que mede a propensão que cada puérpera tem em desenvolver tristeza. Os dados foram informaticamente tratados, recorrendo à análise estatística, utilizando como instrumento para o tratamento de dados estatísticos o programa Excel e estes foram apresentados em gráficos e em tabelas.
Dos resultados obtidos salienta-se que: uma percentagem considerável das puérperas inquiridas respondeu já ter recorrido à toma de anti-depressivos, apesar de não terem consultado o médico psiquiatra/psicólogo; uma percentagem significativa da amostra, atribui importância ao apoio do enfermeiro no domicílio nos aspectos relativos à amamentação, aos cuidados ao recém-nascido e aos cuidados ao corpo da mulher, contudo, atribuíram menos importância ao apoio psicológico que este profissional pode dar; a maioria das puérperas inquiridas referiram ter apoio nos cuidados ao seu bebé bem como noutras tarefas, alegando que este advém maioritariamente dos companheiros; uma percentagem significativa da amostra referiu sentir que a sua relação conjugal se alterou com o nascimento do bebé; uma percentagem significativa referiu ter dificuldades em relacionar-se com o seu bebé, apesar do mesmo corresponder às expectativas que idealizaram.
Dos resultados obtidos com a escala de avaliação da propensão que cada puérpera tinha para o desenvolvimento da Tristeza pós-parto, concluiu-se que quase a totalidade das inquiridas apresentavam índices de propensão de Tristeza ligeira e em reduzida percentagem, índices de propensão para a tristeza moderada.
Palavras chave – Tristeza Pós-parto, Puerpério, Apoio, Cuidados de enfermagem.
Abstract
Keywords - Postpartum Blues, Puerperium, Support, Nursing.
The "Postpartum Blues" has been receiving attention from several scholars, it is a contemporary mood change, which results from adaptation of the new mother to the maternal role and that according to the literature affects about 80% of the mothers. Nurses can take a leading role in preventing the installation of this change in mood, and when this is established, to prevent it from developing into more complicated situations (postpartum depression). This paper addresses this issue and presents a simple descriptive study, with the use of a quantitative method, developed on a sample of mothers, who went to the health center. It was used as a tool for collecting data a questionnaire that includes a scale that measures the propensity that each new mother has to develop postpartum sadness. The data were processed by computer, resorting to statistical analysis, using as a tool for statistical data processing the program Excel, and presented in graphs and tables. From our results it is pointed out that: a significant proportion of the women surveyed responded to already have resorted to taking anti-depressants, despite not having consulted the psychiatrist / psychologist, a significant percentage of the sample, attaches importance to supporting nursing at home in aspects related to breastfeeding, care of newborns and care for the woman's body, however, placed less importance on the psychological support that the professional can give; most of the women surveyed reported having support in caring for their baby and other tasks, arguing that it comes mostly from peers, a significant percentage of the sample said they felt that their marital relationship has changed with the birth of the baby, a significant percentage reported having difficulties in relating with their baby, although the same matches to their expectations; From the results obtained with the scale measuring the propensity that each mother has to the development of postpartum sadness, it was concluded that almost all the respondents has propensity indices of mild sadness and that a low percentage are likely to have moderate sadness.
The "Postpartum Blues" has been receiving attention from several scholars, it is a contemporary mood change, which results from adaptation of the new mother to the maternal role and that according to the literature affects about 80% of the mothers. Nurses can take a leading role in preventing the installation of this change in mood, and when this is established, to prevent it from developing into more complicated situations (postpartum depression). This paper addresses this issue and presents a simple descriptive study, with the use of a quantitative method, developed on a sample of mothers, who went to the health center. It was used as a tool for collecting data a questionnaire that includes a scale that measures the propensity that each new mother has to develop postpartum sadness. The data were processed by computer, resorting to statistical analysis, using as a tool for statistical data processing the program Excel, and presented in graphs and tables. From our results it is pointed out that: a significant proportion of the women surveyed responded to already have resorted to taking anti-depressants, despite not having consulted the psychiatrist / psychologist, a significant percentage of the sample, attaches importance to supporting nursing at home in aspects related to breastfeeding, care of newborns and care for the woman's body, however, placed less importance on the psychological support that the professional can give; most of the women surveyed reported having support in caring for their baby and other tasks, arguing that it comes mostly from peers, a significant percentage of the sample said they felt that their marital relationship has changed with the birth of the baby, a significant percentage reported having difficulties in relating with their baby, although the same matches to their expectations; From the results obtained with the scale measuring the propensity that each mother has to the development of postpartum sadness, it was concluded that almost all the respondents has propensity indices of mild sadness and that a low percentage are likely to have moderate sadness.
Description
Monografia apresentada à Universidade Fernando Pessoa para obtenção do grau Licenciada em Enfermagem
Keywords
Tristeza Pós-parto Puerpério Apoio Cuidados de enfermagem Puerperium Support Nursing