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Polícia comunitária - teoria e prática: os desafios para sua implementação no Brasil
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Abstract(s)
Com a evolução global do estado democrático de direito, surge à necessidade de modificar estruturas responsáveis pela preservação e conservação da ordem pública e social dentro dos parâmetros constitucionais direcionados aos direitos humanos e sua manutenção. Dentro da estrutura democrática encontram-se as forças policiais que tem papel essencial na formação desse novo contexto mundial.
No Brasil, após a constitucionalização das leis e a democratização do estado, novos conceitos relacionados a atividades de fiscalização, proteção e preservação da ordem pública tiveram de se adaptar aos parâmetros dos direitos e garantias individuais e coletivos previstos na letra da carta magna brasileira. Houve assim a necessidade de se reestruturar as atividades de policiamento, pautadas nos direitos e garantias fundamentais do cidadão brasileiro.
O policiamento comunitário surge como uma modalidade de policiamento voltado para a aproximação e participação social na construção de uma política de segurança pública garantidora dos direitos e garantias fundamentais do estado democrático de direito. Apesar dos grandes benefícios relacionados com este tipo de atividade policial, ainda é considerada um desafio sua implementação na sociedade brasileira, pois ainda existe grande resistência popular devido aos resquícios relacionados a tempos ditatoriais no Brasil, onde a imagem da polícia estava voltada a atividades recriminadoras e violentas; imagem que perdura até os dias atuais. Este é o foco do presente trabalho. Debater e desconstruir a imagem negativa da polícia militar brasileira dentro dos princípios do policiamento comunitário e a implementação efetiva desta modalidade.
Neste contexto, na observação da forma como a sociedade brasileira se relaciona com a polícia, e a resistência na mudança de uma filosofia militarizada das corporações policiais brasileiras, foram questões enfrentadas neste trabalho. Trata-se de uma mudança cultural das relações entre polícia e cidadão fator predominante para o êxito do policiamento comunitário.
With the global evolution of the democratic state of law, there arises the need to modify structures responsible for the preservation and conservation of public and social order within the constitutional parameters directed to human rights and their maintenance. Within the democratic structure are the police forces that play a key role in shaping this new global context. In Brazil, after the constitutionalisation of the laws and the democratization of the state, new concepts related to inspection activities, protection and preservation of public order had to adapt to the parameters of the individual and collective rights and guarantees foreseen in the letter of the Brazilian Magna Carta. There was thus a need to restructure policing activities, based on the fundamental rights and guarantees of the Brazilian citizen. Community policing emerges as a form of policing aimed at the approximation and social participation in the construction of a public security policy that guarantees the fundamental rights and guarantees of the democratic state of law. Despite the great benefits related to this type of police activity, its implementation in Brazilian society is still considered a challenge, since there is still great popular resistance due to the remnants related to dictatorial times in Brazil, where the image of the police was directed at recriminatory activities and Violent Image that lasts until the present day. This is the focus of this paper. Discuss and deconstruct the negative image of the Brazilian military police within the principles of community policing and the effective implementation of this modality. In this context, in the observation of the way in which Brazilian society relates to the police and the resistance in the change of a militarized philosophy of the Brazilian police corporations, were issues faced in this work. It is a cultural shift in police-citizen relations that is the predominant factor in the success of community policing.
With the global evolution of the democratic state of law, there arises the need to modify structures responsible for the preservation and conservation of public and social order within the constitutional parameters directed to human rights and their maintenance. Within the democratic structure are the police forces that play a key role in shaping this new global context. In Brazil, after the constitutionalisation of the laws and the democratization of the state, new concepts related to inspection activities, protection and preservation of public order had to adapt to the parameters of the individual and collective rights and guarantees foreseen in the letter of the Brazilian Magna Carta. There was thus a need to restructure policing activities, based on the fundamental rights and guarantees of the Brazilian citizen. Community policing emerges as a form of policing aimed at the approximation and social participation in the construction of a public security policy that guarantees the fundamental rights and guarantees of the democratic state of law. Despite the great benefits related to this type of police activity, its implementation in Brazilian society is still considered a challenge, since there is still great popular resistance due to the remnants related to dictatorial times in Brazil, where the image of the police was directed at recriminatory activities and Violent Image that lasts until the present day. This is the focus of this paper. Discuss and deconstruct the negative image of the Brazilian military police within the principles of community policing and the effective implementation of this modality. In this context, in the observation of the way in which Brazilian society relates to the police and the resistance in the change of a militarized philosophy of the Brazilian police corporations, were issues faced in this work. It is a cultural shift in police-citizen relations that is the predominant factor in the success of community policing.
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Keywords
Policiamento comunitário Estrutura democrática brasileira Cidadão versus polícia Brasil Community policing Brazilian democratic structure Citizen versus police Brazil