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A dissuasão nuclear na Guerra Fria: estratégia, conflito e equilíbrio de poder
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| Projeto de graduação_42386 | 802.15 KB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar o papel da dissuasão nuclear nas relações internacionais durante a Guerra Fria (1947-1991), com ênfase na forma como a ameaça de represálias nucleares estruturou o equilíbrio de poder entre os Estados Unidos e a União Soviética. A investigação busca compreender de que modo os conceitos de Destruição Mútua Assegurada (DMA), dissuasão ampliada e equilíbrio do terror influenciaram as doutrinas militares e diplomáticas das superpotências, bem como os impactos desses conceitos na segurança internacional e nos processos de negociação de acordos de controle de armamentos, como o Tratado de Não Proliferação Nuclear (1968) e os tratados SALT e START. Para alcançar esses objetivos, a metodologia adotada consistiu numa pesquisa qualitativa de caráter exploratório e descritivo, baseada em revisão bibliográfica de fontes primárias e secundárias, incluindo bibliografia, tratados internacionais, estudos de caso de crises nucleares — com destaque para a Crise dos Mísseis de Cuba (1962) — e literatura especializada em relações internacionais e estratégia militar. Irei também mencionar outros conflitos para melhor estudo desta questão, como por exemplo a Guerra das Coreias (1950-1953). A análise dos dados permitiu evidenciar que, embora a corrida armamentista nuclear tenha ampliado os riscos de destruição global, a dissuasão nuclear constituiu um mecanismo fundamental para evitar confrontos diretos entre as superpotências, sustentando um equilíbrio instável, mas eficaz, na preservação da paz relativa no contexto da Guerra Fria.
The present study aims to analyze the role of nuclear deterrence in international relations during the Cold War (1947–1991), with an emphasis on how the threat of nuclear retali-ation shaped the balance of power between the United States and the Soviet Union. The research seeks to understand how the concepts of Mutual Assured Destruction (MAD), extended deterrence, and the balance of terror influenced the military and diplomatic doc-trines of the superpowers, as well as the impact of these concepts on international security and on the negotiation processes of arms control agreements, such as the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of nuclear weapons (1968) and the SALT and START agreements. To achieve these objectives, the methodology employed consisted of a qualitative, explora-tory, and descriptive research approach, based on a literature review of primary and sec-ondary sources, including academic works, international treaties, case studies of nuclear crises—particularly the Cuban Missile Crisis (1962)—and specialized literature in inter-national relations and military strategy. The data analysis revealed that, although the nu-clear arms race increased the risk of global destruction, nuclear deterrence served as a fundamental mechanism to prevent direct confrontations between the superpowers, sus-taining an unstable yet effective balance in maintaining relative peace during the Cold War.
The present study aims to analyze the role of nuclear deterrence in international relations during the Cold War (1947–1991), with an emphasis on how the threat of nuclear retali-ation shaped the balance of power between the United States and the Soviet Union. The research seeks to understand how the concepts of Mutual Assured Destruction (MAD), extended deterrence, and the balance of terror influenced the military and diplomatic doc-trines of the superpowers, as well as the impact of these concepts on international security and on the negotiation processes of arms control agreements, such as the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of nuclear weapons (1968) and the SALT and START agreements. To achieve these objectives, the methodology employed consisted of a qualitative, explora-tory, and descriptive research approach, based on a literature review of primary and sec-ondary sources, including academic works, international treaties, case studies of nuclear crises—particularly the Cuban Missile Crisis (1962)—and specialized literature in inter-national relations and military strategy. The data analysis revealed that, although the nu-clear arms race increased the risk of global destruction, nuclear deterrence served as a fundamental mechanism to prevent direct confrontations between the superpowers, sus-taining an unstable yet effective balance in maintaining relative peace during the Cold War.
Description
Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciado em Ciência Política e Relações Internacionais.
Keywords
Dissuasão nuclear Guerra Fria Destruição mútua assegurada (DMA) Crise dos mísseis de Cuba Segurança internacional Nuclear deterrence Cold War Mutual assured destruction (MAD) Cuban missile crisis International security
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