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O fim da Guerra Fria e o seu impacto no mundo atual
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| Projeto de graduação_2022117633 | 384.88 KB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
A transição de um mundo bipolar para uma ordem internacional mais multipolar contribuiu para o surgimento de várias tensões e conflitos por todo o mundo.
O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar os acontecimentos e transformações políticas, económicas e geoestratégicas do mundo, decorrentes do final da Segunda Guerra Mundial até à atualidade, com especial foco no pós-Guerra Fria e suas consequências globais. Nos anos 1980, a URSS iniciou reformas que acabaram por fragilizar ainda mais o seu regime, levando à sua queda e ao fim da Guerra Fria. Com o colapso soviético, o mundo entrou numa nova era multipolar, onde potências como a China, a União Europeia e a Rússia disputam influência global com os EUA. Este novo equilíbrio deu impulso à globalização, intensificando trocas económicas, culturais e tecnológicas. No entanto, também trouxe novas tensões. O crescimento da China gerou fricções, especialmente em relação a Taiwan. No Médio Oriente, conflitos prolongados continuam a ser influenciados por alianças e rivalidades herdadas do período da Guerra Fria, mantendo a região num estado de instabilidade.
Assim, este trabalho evidencia que os acontecimentos do pós-guerra moldaram profundamente a ordem internacional, cujos reflexos se estendem até aos desafios do mundo atual.
The transition from a bipolar world to a more multipolar international order contributed to the emergence of various tensions and conflicts around the globe. The aim of this paper is to analyse the political, economic and geostrategic events and transformations in the world from the end of the Second World War to the present day, with a special focus on the post-Cold War period and its global consequences. In the 1980s, the USSR launched reforms that ended up further weakening the regime, leading to its collapse and the end of the Cold War. With the Soviet collapse, the world entered a new multipolar era, in which powers such as China, the European Union, and Russia compete with the USA for global influence. This new balance boosted globalization, intensifying economic, cultural, and technological exchanges. However, it also brought new tensions. China's rise has created friction, especially in relation to Taiwan. In the Middle East, ongoing conflicts continue to be influenced by alliances and rivalries inherited from the Cold War period, keeping the region in a state of instability. Thus, this work demonstrates that the events of the post-war period profoundly shaped the international order, the effects of which extend into the challenges of the contemporary world.
The transition from a bipolar world to a more multipolar international order contributed to the emergence of various tensions and conflicts around the globe. The aim of this paper is to analyse the political, economic and geostrategic events and transformations in the world from the end of the Second World War to the present day, with a special focus on the post-Cold War period and its global consequences. In the 1980s, the USSR launched reforms that ended up further weakening the regime, leading to its collapse and the end of the Cold War. With the Soviet collapse, the world entered a new multipolar era, in which powers such as China, the European Union, and Russia compete with the USA for global influence. This new balance boosted globalization, intensifying economic, cultural, and technological exchanges. However, it also brought new tensions. China's rise has created friction, especially in relation to Taiwan. In the Middle East, ongoing conflicts continue to be influenced by alliances and rivalries inherited from the Cold War period, keeping the region in a state of instability. Thus, this work demonstrates that the events of the post-war period profoundly shaped the international order, the effects of which extend into the challenges of the contemporary world.
Description
Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciada em Ciência Política e Relações Internacionais.
Keywords
Guerra Fria EUA URSS Novas potências Conflitos internacionais Cold War USA USSR New powers International conflicts
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