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Publication
Alergia à proteína do leite de vaca - diagnóstico e intervenção
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PPG_29296 | 1.43 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
As alergias alimentares são, hoje em dia, um crescente motivo de preocupação, pois
estão cada vez mais presentes no nosso quotidiano e expressam-se cada vez com mais
frequência. Apesar de se manifestarem em diversas faixas etárias, tem-se verificado
uma maior incidência na população infantil, desde o nascimento.
O leite de vaca, sendo um dos alimentos mais utilizados na dieta humana, é dos que
apresenta um potencial alergénico maior devido à presença de β-lactoglobulina, proteína
esta diferente da caseína presente no leite materno.
Atingindo cerca de 6% da população infantil, a alergia à proteína do leite de vaca, que
pode manifestar-se ainda no primeiro ano de vida, é já considerada uma doença de
infância.
Sendo precocemente identificada e controlada, a alergia não acarreta consequências
para o desenvolvimento saudável da criança.
A alergia manifesta-se maioritariamente por sintomas gastrointestinais e cutâneos,
sendo que pode afetar as vias respiratórias com mais intensidade nos primeiros
episódios alérgicos.
O desenvolvimento de alergia á proteína do leite de vaca pode ser influenciado por
diversos fatores, sendo um deles a genética familiar, o historial de alergias alimentares
ou respiratórias, atopias de pele, entre outras.
Manter o aleitamento materno entre os 4 e os 6 meses de vida pode ajudar a prevenir o
seu desenvolvimento. Quando existem impedimentos a essa medida, recomenda-se a
utilização de fórmulas extensamente hidrolisadas ou hipoalergénicas.
Sendo uma patologia há muito descrita, até à presente data, poucos são os estudos ou
conclusões, não se encontrando ainda disponível uma cura para a alergia à proteína do
leite de vaca. Existem tratamentos e medidas a adotar que melhoram a qualidade de vida das pessoas
afetadas, tais como fórmulas de substituição, dietas de eliminação, tratamentos de
emergência ou controlo de sintomas. Estima-se que 80% das crianças recuperem e/ou
adquiram tolerância até ao terceiro ano de vida.
Food allergies are now a growing concern, as they are increasingly present in our daily lives and are expressed more and more frequently. Although they occur in several age groups, there has been a higher incidence in the child population since birth. Cow's milk, being one of the foods most used in the human diet, has the highest allergenic potential due to the presence of β-lactoglobulin, a protein that is different from the casein present in breast milk. Reaching about 6% of the child population, allergy to cow's milk protein, which may occur even before the first year of life, is already considered a childhood disease. Being early identified and controlled, allergy does not have consequences for the healthy development of the child. The allergy is manifested mainly by gastrointestinal and cutaneous symptoms, and it can affect the airways with more intensity in the first allergic episodes. The development of allergy to cow's milk protein can be influenced by several factors: family genetics (a history of food or respiratory allergies, skin atopy, among others). Maintaining breastfeeding between 4 and 6 months of age can help prevent their development. Where there are impediments to this measure, it is recommended to use extensively hydrolyzed or hypoallergenic formulas. Being a pathology long described but to date without many studies or conclusions, a cure for APLV has not yet been described. There are treatments and measures to be adopted that improve the quality of life of the affected people, such as substitution formulas, elimination diets, emergency treatments or symptom control. It is estimated that 80% of children recover and/or acquire tolerance by the third year of life.
Food allergies are now a growing concern, as they are increasingly present in our daily lives and are expressed more and more frequently. Although they occur in several age groups, there has been a higher incidence in the child population since birth. Cow's milk, being one of the foods most used in the human diet, has the highest allergenic potential due to the presence of β-lactoglobulin, a protein that is different from the casein present in breast milk. Reaching about 6% of the child population, allergy to cow's milk protein, which may occur even before the first year of life, is already considered a childhood disease. Being early identified and controlled, allergy does not have consequences for the healthy development of the child. The allergy is manifested mainly by gastrointestinal and cutaneous symptoms, and it can affect the airways with more intensity in the first allergic episodes. The development of allergy to cow's milk protein can be influenced by several factors: family genetics (a history of food or respiratory allergies, skin atopy, among others). Maintaining breastfeeding between 4 and 6 months of age can help prevent their development. Where there are impediments to this measure, it is recommended to use extensively hydrolyzed or hypoallergenic formulas. Being a pathology long described but to date without many studies or conclusions, a cure for APLV has not yet been described. There are treatments and measures to be adopted that improve the quality of life of the affected people, such as substitution formulas, elimination diets, emergency treatments or symptom control. It is estimated that 80% of children recover and/or acquire tolerance by the third year of life.
Description
Keywords
Alergia alimentar Alergia às proteínas do leite de vaca APLV Níveis de IgE específica Prova de provocação oral Indução da tolerância oral Dieta de eliminação Food allergy Cow’s milk protein allergy Specific-IgE levels Oral food challenge Oral tolerance induction Elimination diet Human milk composition Breastfeeding Infant nutrition Cow's milk allergy