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Publication
Vivências dos cuidadores informais de jovens adultos com necessidades especiais
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
As questões que mais preocupam as famílias que têm adultos com necessidades especiais a seu cargo dizem respeito ao futuro, às incertezas e incógnitas, nomeadamente em assegurar a continuidade da proteção, enquanto todos envelhecem (Pinto, 2013). O presente trabalho de monografia tem como tema “Vivências dos cuidadores informais de pessoas com necessidades especiais”. A eleição desta temática surge devido ao interesse de perceber as vivências dos cuidadores informais de jovens adultos com necessidades especiais. O projeto tem como objetivo geral conhecer as vivências do cuidador informal de pessoas com necessidades especiais, e como objetivos específicos descrever as vivências a nível psicológico, físico e social do cuidador informal de jovens adultos com necessidades especiais e identificar as necessidades de apoio sentidas pelos cuidadores informais de jovens adultos com necessidades especiais. Este estudo é do tipo descritivo fenomenológico, baseado na metodologia qualitativa, sendo a amostra constituída por oito cuidadoras informais de jovens adultos com necessidades especiais. A amostra foi selecionada tendo em conta o processo de amostragem não probabilístico por conveniência. Como instrumento de colheita de dados optou-se por um guião de entrevista semiestruturado.
Da análise dos dados, recolhidos de forma subjetiva e empírica, emergiram as seguintes conclusões: em relação ao apoio de algum familiar ou associação para ajudar a cuidar, emergiram as seguintes subcategorias: Sem apoio, escola regular, centro de reabilitação, associação particular, APPC e familiares, sendo a mais referenciada sem apoio; o ser cuidador informal para as entrevistadas consistiu em: preocupações, abdicar de tudo, ensinar a ser autónomo, entrega total, ensinar tudo o que se pode e reciprocidade, tendo sido os mais referenciados as preocupações e abdicar de tudo; as vivências físicas de ser cuidador informal indicadas foram: nenhumas e sobrecarga física, sendo esta última a mais referenciada; quanto às implicações socioeconómicas de ser cuidador informal, destacaram-se as carências económicas, seguindo-se as cuidadoras que referiram não ter implicações a este nível e uma delas relatou a demonstração de superioridade dos outros face à diferença; as preocupações com o futuro do filho manifestadas consistiram na preocupação com a falta de apoio no futuro, a mais referenciada, e a preocupação com a formação do filho.
The issues that most concern families with adults with special needs depend on the future, the uncertainties and unknowns, namely in ensuring the continuity of protection as they age (Pinto, 2013). The present monograph work has as its theme “Experiences of informal caregivers of people with special needs”. The choice of this theme arises due to the interest of understanding the experiences of informal caregivers of young adults with special needs. The project has as its general objective to know the experiences of the informal caregiver of people with special needs, and as specific objectives to describe the psychological, physical and social experiences of the informal caregiver of young adults with special needs; identify the support needs felt by informal carers of young adults with special needs. This is a phenomenological descriptive study, based on the qualitative methodology, and the sample consisted of eight informal caregivers of young adults with special needs. The sample was selected taking into account the non-probabilistic convenience sampling process. The instrument for data collection was a semi-structured interview guide. From the data analysis, collected subjectively and empirically, the following conclusions emerged: regarding the support of a family member or association to help care, the following subcategories emerged: No support, regular school, rehabilitation center, private association, APPC and family members, being the most referenced without support; Being informal caregivers for the interviewees consisted of: worries, giving up everything, teaching to be autonomous, total surrender, teaching all that one can and reciprocity, the most mentioned being the concerns and giving up everything; The physical experiences of being informal caregivers indicated were: none and physical overload, the latter being the most referenced; As for the socio-economic implications of being an informal caregiver, the economic needs were highlighted, followed by the caregivers who reported having no implications at this level and one of them reported the demonstration of the superiority of others compared to the difference; Concerns about the child's future expressed consisted of concern for the lack of support in the future, the most referenced, and concern for the child's upbringing.
The issues that most concern families with adults with special needs depend on the future, the uncertainties and unknowns, namely in ensuring the continuity of protection as they age (Pinto, 2013). The present monograph work has as its theme “Experiences of informal caregivers of people with special needs”. The choice of this theme arises due to the interest of understanding the experiences of informal caregivers of young adults with special needs. The project has as its general objective to know the experiences of the informal caregiver of people with special needs, and as specific objectives to describe the psychological, physical and social experiences of the informal caregiver of young adults with special needs; identify the support needs felt by informal carers of young adults with special needs. This is a phenomenological descriptive study, based on the qualitative methodology, and the sample consisted of eight informal caregivers of young adults with special needs. The sample was selected taking into account the non-probabilistic convenience sampling process. The instrument for data collection was a semi-structured interview guide. From the data analysis, collected subjectively and empirically, the following conclusions emerged: regarding the support of a family member or association to help care, the following subcategories emerged: No support, regular school, rehabilitation center, private association, APPC and family members, being the most referenced without support; Being informal caregivers for the interviewees consisted of: worries, giving up everything, teaching to be autonomous, total surrender, teaching all that one can and reciprocity, the most mentioned being the concerns and giving up everything; The physical experiences of being informal caregivers indicated were: none and physical overload, the latter being the most referenced; As for the socio-economic implications of being an informal caregiver, the economic needs were highlighted, followed by the caregivers who reported having no implications at this level and one of them reported the demonstration of the superiority of others compared to the difference; Concerns about the child's future expressed consisted of concern for the lack of support in the future, the most referenced, and concern for the child's upbringing.
Description
Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa para obtenção do grau de Licenciada em Enfermagem
Keywords
Cuidadores Familiares Vivências Jovem adulto Caregivers Relatives Experiences Young adult