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Osteointegração e sucesso de implantes dentários em pacientes diabéticos: revisão integrativa
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| Projeto de pós-graduação_2023114220 | 417.53 KB | Adobe PDF |
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A cirurgia de implantes dentários foi desenvolvida para ser o instrumento mais adequado e confortável para reabilitação dentária e oral nas últimas décadas, mas com o aumento do número de implantes inseridos, as complicações estão a tornar-se mais frequentes. A diabetes mellitus, bem como as condições pré-diabéticas, representam um problema de saúde comum e crescente com vários efeitos nocivos em todo o organismo. Assim, esta revisão teve como principal objetivo comparar a reabilitação oral com implantes em pacientes com Diabetes Mellitus e pacientes sem diabetes, a taxa de sucesso e fracasso assim como as possíveis complicações dos implantes dentários. Uma pesquisa da literatura baseada nas guidelines PRISMA foi realizada para responder à pergunta PICO " Existem diferenças no sucesso da reabilitação com implantes em pacientes diabéticos e não diabéticos?". Incluímos 17 estudos clínicos nesta revisão integrativa. Verifica-se que, no geral, a taxa geral de sucesso dos implantes dentários em pacientes com diabetes nesta revisão integrativa foi de 96,67% e a taxa de falha foi de 3,33%. A taxa de sucesso dos implantes dentários em pacientes não diabéticos neste estudo foi de 98,57% e a taxa de falha foi de 1,43%, sendo que a maioria dos participantes dos estudos incluídos nesta revisão integrativa tomou medidas preventivas antes e após a cirurgia. Assim, os implantes instalados em indivíduos com Diabetes Mellitus que fiquem dentro dos níveis de HbA1c controlados, ao longo do tempo, apresentam estabilidade clínica e osteointegração confiáveis, desde que a higiene oral e o estado glicémico sejam rigorosamente cuidados e mantidos, apresentando por isso elevadas taxas de sucesso comparáveis com os implantes instalados em indivíduos saudáveis. Portanto, os tratamentos com implantes, em pacientes diabéticos podem apresentar resultados previsíveis com taxas de sucesso elevadas contribuindo para a estabilidade e osteointegração dos implantes.
Dental implant surgery has been developed to be the most suitable and comfortable instrument for dental and oral rehabilitation in recent decades, but with the increase in the number of implants inserted, complications are becoming more frequent. Diabetes mellitus, as well as pre-diabetic conditions, represent a common and growing health problem with several harmful effects throughout the body. Therefore, this review aimed to compare oral rehabilitation with implants in patients with Diabetes Mellitus and healthy patients, the success and failure rate as well as the possible complications of dental implants. A literature search based on the PRISMA guidelines was performed to answer the PICO question "Are there differences in the success of implant rehabilitation in diabetic and healthy patients?". We included 17 clinical studies in this integrative review. It is found that, overall, the overall success rate of dental implants in patients with diabetes in this integrative review was 96.67% and the failure rate was 3.33%. The success rate of dental implants in non-diabetic patients in this study was 98.57% and the failure rate was 1.43%, with most participants in the studies included in this integrative review taking preventive measures before and after surgery. Thus, implants placed in individuals with Diabetes Mellitus who remain within controlled HbA1c levels over time present reliable clinical stability and osseointegration, as long as oral hygiene and glycemic status are rigorously cared for and maintained, thus presenting high success rates comparable to implants placed in healthy individuals. Therefore, implant treatments in diabetic patients can present predictable results with high success rates contributing to the stability and osseointegration of implants.
Dental implant surgery has been developed to be the most suitable and comfortable instrument for dental and oral rehabilitation in recent decades, but with the increase in the number of implants inserted, complications are becoming more frequent. Diabetes mellitus, as well as pre-diabetic conditions, represent a common and growing health problem with several harmful effects throughout the body. Therefore, this review aimed to compare oral rehabilitation with implants in patients with Diabetes Mellitus and healthy patients, the success and failure rate as well as the possible complications of dental implants. A literature search based on the PRISMA guidelines was performed to answer the PICO question "Are there differences in the success of implant rehabilitation in diabetic and healthy patients?". We included 17 clinical studies in this integrative review. It is found that, overall, the overall success rate of dental implants in patients with diabetes in this integrative review was 96.67% and the failure rate was 3.33%. The success rate of dental implants in non-diabetic patients in this study was 98.57% and the failure rate was 1.43%, with most participants in the studies included in this integrative review taking preventive measures before and after surgery. Thus, implants placed in individuals with Diabetes Mellitus who remain within controlled HbA1c levels over time present reliable clinical stability and osseointegration, as long as oral hygiene and glycemic status are rigorously cared for and maintained, thus presenting high success rates comparable to implants placed in healthy individuals. Therefore, implant treatments in diabetic patients can present predictable results with high success rates contributing to the stability and osseointegration of implants.
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Diabetes Diabetes mellitus Implantes dentários Taxa de sucesso Osseointegração Dental implants Success rate Osseointegration