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Este estudo observacional, transversal e quantitativo teve como objetivo investigar a prevalência de hábitos parafuncionais orais, sintomas de distúrbios temporomandibulares (DTM) e a sua associação com indicadores de saúde mental em estudantes do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Dentária da Universidade Fernando Pessoa. Participaram 121 estudantes, que responderam a um questionário que inclui dados sociodemográficos e escalas validadas (PHQ-4, PHQ-9, GAD-7, PHQ-15). Os resultados revelaram que 34,7% dos participantes apresentaram sintomas moderados a graves de ansiedade/depressão (PHQ-4), 50,5% reportaram sintomas depressivos (PHQ- 9), 31,4% níveis moderados a graves de ansiedade generalizada (GAD-7) e 35,5% sintomas somáticos moderados a graves (PHQ-15). Verificou-se ainda elevada prevalência de hábitos parafuncionais, como bruxismo em vigília (53,7%), bruxismo do sono (45,5%), dormir com pressão mandibular (71,1%) e uso frequente de pastilha elástica (63,6%). Mais de 40% apresentaram sinais compatíveis com DTM, incluindo dor mandibular, cefaleias e ruídos articulares. Conclui-se que existe uma elevada prevalência de hábitos parafuncionais e sintomas de DTM entre os estudantes de medicina dentária, frequentemente associados a sintomas de ansiedade e depressão. Os resultados evidenciam uma forte relação entre saúde oral e saúde mental, reforçando a importância do rastreio precoce e de intervenções multidisciplinares em contexto académico.
This observational, cross-sectional, and quantitative study aimed to investigate the prevalence of oral parafunctional habits, symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD), and their association with mental health indicators among Integrated Master’s in Dental Medicine students at Universidade Fernando Pessoa. A total of 121 students participated, responding to a questionnaire including sociodemographic data and validated scales (PHQ-4, PHQ-9, GAD-7, and PHQ-15) from the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD). Results showed that 34.7% of participants presented moderate to severe anxiety/depression symptoms (PHQ-4), 50.5% reported depressive symptoms (PHQ-9), 31.4% reported moderate to severe generalized anxiety (GAD-7), and 35.5% reported moderate to severe somatic symptoms (PHQ-15). A high prevalence of parafunctional habits was also found, including awake bruxism (53.7%), sleep bruxism (45.5%), sleeping with mandibular pressure (71.1%), and frequent chewing gum use (63.6%). More than 40% presented signs consistent with TMD, including jaw pain, headaches, and joint sounds.It is concluded that there is a high prevalence of parafunctional habits and TMD symptoms among dental students, frequently associated with anxiety and depression symptoms. The results highlight a strong relationship between oral health and mental health, emphasizing the importance of early screening and multidisciplinary interventions in the academic setting.
This observational, cross-sectional, and quantitative study aimed to investigate the prevalence of oral parafunctional habits, symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD), and their association with mental health indicators among Integrated Master’s in Dental Medicine students at Universidade Fernando Pessoa. A total of 121 students participated, responding to a questionnaire including sociodemographic data and validated scales (PHQ-4, PHQ-9, GAD-7, and PHQ-15) from the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD). Results showed that 34.7% of participants presented moderate to severe anxiety/depression symptoms (PHQ-4), 50.5% reported depressive symptoms (PHQ-9), 31.4% reported moderate to severe generalized anxiety (GAD-7), and 35.5% reported moderate to severe somatic symptoms (PHQ-15). A high prevalence of parafunctional habits was also found, including awake bruxism (53.7%), sleep bruxism (45.5%), sleeping with mandibular pressure (71.1%), and frequent chewing gum use (63.6%). More than 40% presented signs consistent with TMD, including jaw pain, headaches, and joint sounds.It is concluded that there is a high prevalence of parafunctional habits and TMD symptoms among dental students, frequently associated with anxiety and depression symptoms. The results highlight a strong relationship between oral health and mental health, emphasizing the importance of early screening and multidisciplinary interventions in the academic setting.
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Bruxismo Hábitos parafuncionais Estudantes de medicina dentária DTM Ansiedade Depressão Bruxism Parafunctional habits Dental students TMD Anxiety Depression