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Estilos de vida dos estudantes da licenciatura de Enfermagem em ensino clínico
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A adoção de estilos de vida (EV) saudáveis deve ser vista como uma oportunidade e um desafio da pessoa, família e comunidade, possibilitando uma atitude preventiva de saúde. A entrada no ensino clínico (EC) é um momento de mudança marcante na biografia do estudante. Consiste numa formação aglutinadora, mobilizando aprendizagens, permitindo a aquisição de competências ao futuro enfermeiro. Na transição para o EC o estudante deverá mobilizar recursos, desenvolvendo respostas adaptativas ao novo processo. Quando tal não acontece, reflete-se negativamente ao nível da saúde e do seu bem-estar.
Este estudo teve como objetivos conhecer os EV dos estudantes de enfermagem em EC e promover a adoção de comportamentos promotores de saúde.
É um estudo descritivo, transversal e quantitativo. Com uma população representada por todos os estudantes da licenciatura de enfermagem de uma Universidade do Norte do País. Amostra de conveniência, constituída por 39 estudantes de enfermagem em EC. O instrumento de colheita de dados foi o questionário “Estilos de Vida Fantástico”. Os dados foram tratados recorrendo a estatística descritiva e apresentados sobre a forma de gráficos e tabelas.
Dos 39 estudantes 82% são género feminino e 18% do masculino. Situam-se numa média de idades de 23 anos. Destes 95% são solteiros e 5% são casados. Quanto aos fatores determinantes dos EV dos estudantes em EC, no item “família e amigos”, 95% referem ter com quem falar de assuntos importantes e 89,7% recebe carinho e afetos. Relativamente à “atividade física/associativismo” 51,3% dos inquiridos refere “quase nunca” participar em atividades associativas, 40,3% menciona andar cerca de 30 minutos diários, enquanto que 48,7% refere fazer atividade física 3 ou mais vezes por semana. Foram encontrados indicadores de comportamentos saudáveis nas dimensões “álcool e drogas”, “tabaco”, “comportamento sexual e saúde” e “outros comportamentos”. Quanto à “nutrição” e “sono e stress” deparamo-nos com comportamentos pouco consentâneos. Relativamente ao “trabalho/tipo de personalidade”, 71,8% diz sentir-se feliz, 54% refere sentir-se acelerado e/ou atarefado, 46% mencionam sentir-se tensos e/ou oprimidos e 30% triste ou deprimido.
Os resultados confirmam comportamentos não tão saudáveis nas principais determinantes
da saúde, havendo necessidade de intervenções especificas para a promoção de EV saudáveis.
Durante esta transição, os hábitos saudáveis, são deixados de lado. A adoção de EV requer a proposição de estratégias que favoreçam a adesão e a participação dos estudantes na realização de ações de promoção de saúde.
The adoption of healthy lifestyles (EV) should be seen as an opportunity and a challenge for the person, family and community, enabling a preventive health attitude. The entry into clinical teaching (EC) is a moment of remarkable change in the student's biography. It consists of an agglutinative formation, mobilizing learning, allowing the acquisition of skills to the future nurse. In the transition to the EC the student must mobilize resources, developing adaptive responses to the new process. When this does not happen, it reflects negatively on the level of your health and well-being. This study aimed to know the EV of nursing students in CHD and to promote the adoption of health promoting behaviors. It is a descriptive, cross-sectional and quantitative study. With a population represented by all the students of the degree of nursing of a University of the North of the Country. Sample of convenience, made up of 39 nursing students in EC. The data collection instrument was the "Fantastic Lifestyles" questionnaire. The data were treated using descriptive statistics and presented in the form of graphs and tables. Of the 39 students 82% are female and 18% are male. They are located at an average age of 23 years. Of these 95% are single and 5% are married. Regarding the determinants of students' EVs in CS, in the item "family and friends", 95% refer to whom they talk about important matters and 89.7% receive affection and affection. Concerning "physical activity / association" 51.3% of respondents said "almost never" participate in associative activities, 40.3% said to walk about 30 minutes a day, while 48.7% referred to physical activity 3 or more times per week. Indicators of healthy behaviors were found in the dimensions "alcohol and drugs", "tobacco", "sexual behavior and health" and "other behaviors". As for "nutrition" and "sleep and stress" we are faced with inconsistent behaviors. Regarding "work / personality type", 71.8% said they felt happy, 54% reported feeling rushed and / or busy, 46% mentioned feeling tense and / or oppressed and 30% sad or depressed. The results confirm not so healthy behaviors in the main determinants of health, and there is a need for specific interventions to promote healthy VS. During this transition, healthy habits are left out. The adoption of EV requires the proposition of strategies that favor students' participation and participation in health promotion actions.
The adoption of healthy lifestyles (EV) should be seen as an opportunity and a challenge for the person, family and community, enabling a preventive health attitude. The entry into clinical teaching (EC) is a moment of remarkable change in the student's biography. It consists of an agglutinative formation, mobilizing learning, allowing the acquisition of skills to the future nurse. In the transition to the EC the student must mobilize resources, developing adaptive responses to the new process. When this does not happen, it reflects negatively on the level of your health and well-being. This study aimed to know the EV of nursing students in CHD and to promote the adoption of health promoting behaviors. It is a descriptive, cross-sectional and quantitative study. With a population represented by all the students of the degree of nursing of a University of the North of the Country. Sample of convenience, made up of 39 nursing students in EC. The data collection instrument was the "Fantastic Lifestyles" questionnaire. The data were treated using descriptive statistics and presented in the form of graphs and tables. Of the 39 students 82% are female and 18% are male. They are located at an average age of 23 years. Of these 95% are single and 5% are married. Regarding the determinants of students' EVs in CS, in the item "family and friends", 95% refer to whom they talk about important matters and 89.7% receive affection and affection. Concerning "physical activity / association" 51.3% of respondents said "almost never" participate in associative activities, 40.3% said to walk about 30 minutes a day, while 48.7% referred to physical activity 3 or more times per week. Indicators of healthy behaviors were found in the dimensions "alcohol and drugs", "tobacco", "sexual behavior and health" and "other behaviors". As for "nutrition" and "sleep and stress" we are faced with inconsistent behaviors. Regarding "work / personality type", 71.8% said they felt happy, 54% reported feeling rushed and / or busy, 46% mentioned feeling tense and / or oppressed and 30% sad or depressed. The results confirm not so healthy behaviors in the main determinants of health, and there is a need for specific interventions to promote healthy VS. During this transition, healthy habits are left out. The adoption of EV requires the proposition of strategies that favor students' participation and participation in health promotion actions.
Descrição
Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa para obtenção do grau de Licenciada em Enfermagem
Palavras-chave
Estudantes Ensino clínico Estilos de vida Determinantes da saúde Promoção de Saúde Students Clinical teaching Life styles Determinants of health Health promotion