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Custom abutments for dental implants, their evolution and uses: a narrative review

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Abstract(s)

Introdução: Recentemente no mundo da dentística o uso de Computer Imaging and Computer Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) para criar pilares de implantes personalizados de Titânio ou Zircônia para atender às demandas funcionais e estéticas de nossos pacientes, está se tornando cada vez mais proeminente com vários métodos, cada um adequado para uma melhor localização e tipo de dente que deve substituir. Objetivo: Este estudo tem como objetivo a discussão dos pilares personalizados em implantes dentários, seus desenvolvimentos, vantagens e desvantagens, técnicas de fabrico, indicações e contraindicações e por fim sua viabilidade clínica. Metodologia: Pubmed, B-on (1990-2022) com as palavras-chave: : (“dental implant” OR” dental abutment” OR “custom dental abutment”) AND (“3D Printing” OR “zirconia” OR” titanium” OR “milled abutment” OR “sintering” OR “emergence profile” OR “peri-implant tissue” OR “replacement” OR “materials” OR “ CAD/CAM” OR “Clinical Trial” OR “Esthetic”). Resultado: Os Abutments Personalizados que atualmente apresentam melhor desempenho são os de Titânio, sendo que os copings de Zircônia sobre Titânio conseguem obter os melhores resultados estéticos e funcionais.
Introduction: Recently in the world of dentistry the use of Computer Imaging and Computer Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) in order to create Titanium or Zirconia custom implant abutments to meet the functional and esthetic demands of our patients is becoming more and more prominent with several methods each suited to a better locale and type of tooth it’s supposed to replace. Objective: This study has as its objective the discussion of custom-made abutments in dental implants, their development, advantages and disadvantages, manufacturing techniques, indications and contraindications and finally their clinical viability. Methodology: Pubmed, B-on (1990-2022) with the following keywords: (“dental implant” OR” dental abutment” OR “custom dental abutment”) AND (“3D Printing” OR “zirconia” OR” titanium” OR “milled abutment” OR “sintering” OR “emergence profile” OR “peri-implant tissue” OR “replacement” OR “materials” OR “CAD/CAM” OR “Clinical Trial” OR “Esthetic”). Result: The Custom Abutments that currently perform the best are Titanium ones, with Zirconia copings on Titanium being able to achieve the best results both esthetically and functionally.

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Keywords

Dental implant Dental abutment Custom dental abutment 3D printing Zirconia Titanium Milled abutment Sintering Emergence profile Peri-implant tissue Replacement Materials CAD/CAM Clinical trial Esthetic

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