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Abstract(s)
Este projeto analisa a história política de Taiwan, desde os seus primeiros Povos indígenas até a sua consolidação como uma das democracias mais desenvolvidas da atualidade. Abordando os diversos períodos de domínio externo – desde as primeiras potências colonizadoras, passando pela administração da Dinastia Qing e o domínio japonês – bem como o impacto dessas ocupações na formação da identidade nacional taiwanesa. Até ao período pós-Segunda Guerra Mundial, quando Taiwan se tornou refúgio do governo nacionalista da República da China, após a derrota na guerra civil chinesa frente ao Partido Comunista. O regime liderado por Chiang Kai-shek impôs uma longa ditadura sob a ilha, marcada por repressão, censura e a imposição cultural do modelo chinês continental. No entanto, a partir das décadas de 1980 e 1990, Taiwan passou por um processo gradual de abertura política que culminou na realização de eleições diretas e na construção de uma democracia consolidada. O trabalho discute também o atual contexto geopolítico da região do Indo-Pacífico, destacando o papel estratégico de Taiwan no comércio internacional e no momento de transição tecnológica que a economia a nível mundial atravessa. A crescente tensão com a República Popular da China é analisada, assim como a posição ambígua dos Estados Unidos diante de um possível conflito. A democracia taiwanesa foi construída com base na resistência popular, na valorização das liberdades civis e na autodeterminação do povo da ilha. Taiwan representa um caso único de transição democrática no Leste Asiático e a sua história é essencial para compreender os desafios contemporâneos do atual sistema internacional.
This project analyses the political history of Taiwan, from its first Indigenous Peoples to its consolidation as one of the most developed democracies in current times. Addressing the various periods of external domination – from the first Colonial Powers, through the administration of the Qing Dynasty and Japanese rule – as well as the impact of these occupations on the formation of the Taiwanese national identity. Up to the post-Second World War period, when Taiwan became a refuge for the nationalist government of the Republic of China, after the defeat in the Chinese civil war against the Communist Party. The regime led by Chiang Kai-shek imposed a long dictatorship over the island, marked by repression, censorship, and the cultural imposition of the mainland Chinese model. However, starting from the 1980s and 1990s, Taiwan went through a gradual process of political opening that culminated in the realization of direct elections and the construction of a consolidated democracy. The work also discusses the current geopolitical context of the Indo-Pacific region, highlighting the strategic role of Taiwan in international trade and in the moment of technological transition that the global economy is currently undergoing. The growing tension with the People's Republic of China is analysed, as well as the ambiguous position of the United States in the face of a possible conflict. Taiwanese democracy was built based on popular resistance, the valuing of civil liberties, and the self-determination of the island’s people. Taiwan represents a unique case of democratic transition in East Asia, and its history is essential to understanding the contemporary challenges of the current international system.
This project analyses the political history of Taiwan, from its first Indigenous Peoples to its consolidation as one of the most developed democracies in current times. Addressing the various periods of external domination – from the first Colonial Powers, through the administration of the Qing Dynasty and Japanese rule – as well as the impact of these occupations on the formation of the Taiwanese national identity. Up to the post-Second World War period, when Taiwan became a refuge for the nationalist government of the Republic of China, after the defeat in the Chinese civil war against the Communist Party. The regime led by Chiang Kai-shek imposed a long dictatorship over the island, marked by repression, censorship, and the cultural imposition of the mainland Chinese model. However, starting from the 1980s and 1990s, Taiwan went through a gradual process of political opening that culminated in the realization of direct elections and the construction of a consolidated democracy. The work also discusses the current geopolitical context of the Indo-Pacific region, highlighting the strategic role of Taiwan in international trade and in the moment of technological transition that the global economy is currently undergoing. The growing tension with the People's Republic of China is analysed, as well as the ambiguous position of the United States in the face of a possible conflict. Taiwanese democracy was built based on popular resistance, the valuing of civil liberties, and the self-determination of the island’s people. Taiwan represents a unique case of democratic transition in East Asia, and its history is essential to understanding the contemporary challenges of the current international system.
Description
Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciado em Ciência Política e Relações Internacionais.
Keywords
Taiwan Transição democrática Guerra civil chinesa Autoritarismo Democracia e China Democratic transition Chinese civil war Authoritarianism Democracy and China
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[s.n.]