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Stress e depressão nos estados de crise: um estudo exploratório
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Abstract(s)
A preocupação e discussão sobre o perfil pessoal de cada utente inserido em
unidades de apoio à saúde mental não deixa de parte a importância de estudar as variáveis
psicométricas associadas aos fatores responsáveis pelos quadros emocionais dos
indivíduos. Principalmente quando se trata de intervenções breves e com foco específico
nos fatores desencadeadores, numa intervenção baseada no aqui e no agora.
O estudo foca-se, particularmente, na necessidade de aprofundar a reflexão em
torno das variáveis stress e depressão em utentes inseridos na Consulta de Intervenção em
Crise do Departamento de Psiquiatria e Saúde Mental do Centro Hospitalar do Baixo
Vouga, E.P.E., através de um estudo documental, com uma amostra constituída por 223
participantes. Cerca de 81,2% são do sexo feminino, com idades compreendidas entre os
18 e os 64 anos ( M = 36,78 e DP = 11,45), sobretudo casados e solteiros e,
predominantemente, com o 9º ano de escolaridade.
Entendendo a subjetividade inerente à existência humana, tentou sustentar-se a
fundamentação nas teorias subjacentes aos modelos de intervenção psicológica utilizados
nos estados de crise, apoiado nos quais se obteve os resultados da investigação através da
análise estatística dos resultados de cotação da Escala de Vulnerabilidade ao Stress – 23
QVS ( M= 53,98; DP = 12,04), que constata a presença de vulnerabilidade ao stress na
amostra, e do Inventário de Depressão de Beck – BDI-II ( M= 26,16; DP = 10,61), que
revela resultados médios correspondentes a Depressão Moderada.
A maior presença de vulnerabilidade ao stress encontra-se em indivíduos com
comportamentos autoagressivos correspondentes a idade avançada (entre 56 e 65 anos),
divorciados ou separados e com habilitações literárias até ao 9º ano de escolaridade.
Resultados obtidos através das subescalas do 23 QVS permitiram caracterizar estes
sujeitos como altamente perfeccionistas e intolerantes à frustração, com tendência à
dramatização em circunstâncias negativas e preocupação excessiva com as mesmas
quando fazem parte da sua rotina diária e com uma postura de subjugação face à crítica e
à tomada de decisões.
Os valores mais elevados de depressão relativamente ao motivo de
encaminhamento referem-se aos indivíduos com Risco Suicidário, que marcam presença
de Depressão Severa. Não é constatável a ausência de depressão na média desta amostra, apesar de revelar diferenças significativas entre Risco Suicidário, com os valores médios
mais altos, e reações agudas ao stress , com os valores médios inferiores. Fazem parte,
maioritariamente, indivíduos do sexo feminino, com mais do que 55 anos, viúvos e com
escolaridade baixa.
The concern and discussion about the personal profile of patients inserted in mental health support units doesn’t leave out the importance of studying the psychometric variables associated to responsible factors for the individual emotional frames. We particularly focus the study on the need to deepen the reflection around the stress and depression variables in patients inserted in the Intervention in Crisis of the Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health of the Centro Hospitalar do Baixo Vouga, E.P.E., through a quantitative analysis based in a documentary research, with a sample made up of 223 participants, of which 81.2% are female, aged between 18 and 64 years (M = 36.78 and SD = 11.45), mainly married or single, and, predominantly, with the 9th year of educational qualifications . Understanding the inherent subjectivity of human existence, we attempted to support the foundations underlying the psychological intervention models used in the crisis states, based on which the results of the research were obtained through the statistical analysis of the quotation results of Vulnerability to Stress Scale - 23 QVS (M = 53.98; SD = 12.04), which shows the presence of stress vulnerability in the sample, and the Beck Depression Inventory - BDI-II (M = 26.16 ; SD = 10.61), which reveals data corresponding to Moderate Depression. The presence of vulnerability to stress is found in individuals with a self-agressive behavior corresponding to the advanced age (between 56 and 65 years), divorced or separated and with literacy up to the 9th year of educational qualifications . Results obtained through the subscales of the 23 QVS allowed to characterize these subjects as highly perfectionists and intolerant of frustration, with tendency to dramatization in negative circumstances and excessive discomfort with them when they are part of their daily routine and with a posture of subjugation about criticism and to decision-making. The highest values of depression regarding the referral motive refer to individuals with Suicide Risk, who are present in Severe Depression. The absence of depression in the mean of this sample is not evident, although it reveals significant differences between Suicide Risk with higher mean values and acute stress reactions, with lower mean values. The majority of the individuals are female, over 55, widowed and with a low level of literacy.
The concern and discussion about the personal profile of patients inserted in mental health support units doesn’t leave out the importance of studying the psychometric variables associated to responsible factors for the individual emotional frames. We particularly focus the study on the need to deepen the reflection around the stress and depression variables in patients inserted in the Intervention in Crisis of the Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health of the Centro Hospitalar do Baixo Vouga, E.P.E., through a quantitative analysis based in a documentary research, with a sample made up of 223 participants, of which 81.2% are female, aged between 18 and 64 years (M = 36.78 and SD = 11.45), mainly married or single, and, predominantly, with the 9th year of educational qualifications . Understanding the inherent subjectivity of human existence, we attempted to support the foundations underlying the psychological intervention models used in the crisis states, based on which the results of the research were obtained through the statistical analysis of the quotation results of Vulnerability to Stress Scale - 23 QVS (M = 53.98; SD = 12.04), which shows the presence of stress vulnerability in the sample, and the Beck Depression Inventory - BDI-II (M = 26.16 ; SD = 10.61), which reveals data corresponding to Moderate Depression. The presence of vulnerability to stress is found in individuals with a self-agressive behavior corresponding to the advanced age (between 56 and 65 years), divorced or separated and with literacy up to the 9th year of educational qualifications . Results obtained through the subscales of the 23 QVS allowed to characterize these subjects as highly perfectionists and intolerant of frustration, with tendency to dramatization in negative circumstances and excessive discomfort with them when they are part of their daily routine and with a posture of subjugation about criticism and to decision-making. The highest values of depression regarding the referral motive refer to individuals with Suicide Risk, who are present in Severe Depression. The absence of depression in the mean of this sample is not evident, although it reveals significant differences between Suicide Risk with higher mean values and acute stress reactions, with lower mean values. The majority of the individuals are female, over 55, widowed and with a low level of literacy.
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Keywords
Estados de crise Stress Depressão Perturbação da adaptação 23 QVS BDI-II Crisis states Stress Depression Adaptation disorder