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Desordens alimentares durante a gravidez
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
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| Projeto de pós-graduação_42295 | 485.99 KB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
Objetivo: A gravidez é uma etapa única para as mulheres, onde o excesso de peso não é percebido como um fator negativo, pois possui conotações positivas para o desenvolvimento fetal saudável, o que vai de encontro ao culto moderno de um corpo esbelto, saudável e perfeito. Grande parte dos estudos concentra-se no ganho de peso excessivo em vez do insuficiente ganho ao longo dos sucessivos trimestres da gravidez. Deste modo, o objetivo deste estudo assenta na investigação da prevalência das desordens alimentares (DAs) durante a gravidez, compreender as mudanças fisiológicas e o impacto no bebé.
Metodologia: Uma revisão literária relativamente ao tema, tendo por base as publicações científicas disponíveis a partir de 2017 até ao término da redação da dissertação (2023), nas bases de dados PubMed, Google Académico e b-on.
Resultados: De 5351 artigos, 59 foram selecionados para estudar as DAs durante a gravidez. A maioria dos estudos recorreu a questionários e ferramentas de diagnóstico de DAs. A anorexia nervosa e a bulimia nervosa estão associadas ao baixo peso à nascença e ao crescimento fetal lento. Por outro lado, as comorbidades mais comuns nas DAs são a compulsão alimentar, a ansiedade e a depressão.
Conclusões: Os diversos estudos sugerem que as DAs durante a gravidez representam riscos significativos para a saúde materna e do bebé a longo e curto prazo. Deste modo, importa aumentar a intervenção precoce nestas gestantes, com recurso a equipas multidisciplinares de profissionais de saúde. Como futuras linhas de pesquisa, devem ser efetuados mais estudos empíricos para confirmar estudos anteriores e reconhecer fatores de risco e de proteção associados à evolução das DAs em grávidas, para garantir um ótimo desenvolvimento fetal.
Abstract (Inglês): Objective: Pregnancy is a unique stage for women, where excess weight is not perceived as a negative factor, as it has positive connotations for healthy fetal development, which goes against the modern cult of a slim, healthy, and perfect body. Most studies focus on excessive rather than insufficient weight gain over the successive trimesters of pregnancy. Thus, the aim of this study is based on investigating the prevalence of eating disorders (EDs) during pregnancy, understanding the physiological changes, and the impact on the baby. Methodology: A literary review on the subject, based on the scientific publications available from 2017 until the end of writing the dissertation (2023), in the databases PubMed, Google Scholar, and b-on. Results: Of 5351 articles, 59 were selected to study EDs during pregnancy. Most studies used questionnaires and diagnostic tools for EDs. Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are associated with low birth weight and slow fetal growth. On the other hand, the most common comorbidities in EDs are binge eating, anxiety, and depression. Conclusions: Several studies suggest that EDs during pregnancy pose significant risks to the mother's and baby's health in the long and short term. Therefore, it is important to increase early intervention in these pregnant women, using multidisciplinary teams of health professionals. As future lines of research, more empirical studies should be carried out to confirm previous studies and recognize risk and protective factors associated with the evolution of EDs in pregnant women, to ensure optimal fetal development.
Abstract (Inglês): Objective: Pregnancy is a unique stage for women, where excess weight is not perceived as a negative factor, as it has positive connotations for healthy fetal development, which goes against the modern cult of a slim, healthy, and perfect body. Most studies focus on excessive rather than insufficient weight gain over the successive trimesters of pregnancy. Thus, the aim of this study is based on investigating the prevalence of eating disorders (EDs) during pregnancy, understanding the physiological changes, and the impact on the baby. Methodology: A literary review on the subject, based on the scientific publications available from 2017 until the end of writing the dissertation (2023), in the databases PubMed, Google Scholar, and b-on. Results: Of 5351 articles, 59 were selected to study EDs during pregnancy. Most studies used questionnaires and diagnostic tools for EDs. Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are associated with low birth weight and slow fetal growth. On the other hand, the most common comorbidities in EDs are binge eating, anxiety, and depression. Conclusions: Several studies suggest that EDs during pregnancy pose significant risks to the mother's and baby's health in the long and short term. Therefore, it is important to increase early intervention in these pregnant women, using multidisciplinary teams of health professionals. As future lines of research, more empirical studies should be carried out to confirm previous studies and recognize risk and protective factors associated with the evolution of EDs in pregnant women, to ensure optimal fetal development.
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Keywords
Gravidez Grávida Distúrbios alimentares Pregnancy Pregnant Eating disorders