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Atividade antitumoral de novos compostos em linhas celulares representativas dos tumores mais prevalentes em Portugal
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O cancro é uma das principais causas de mortalidade a nível global, sendo responsável por elevadas taxas de morbilidade e impactos socioeconómicos relevante. Apesar dos avanços no tratamento oncológico, são inúmeras as formas de cancro que continuam a apresentam resistência às terapias convencionalmente usadas, o que motiva a pesquisa e procura por novas estratégias terapêuticas. Os produtos naturais têm-se destacado nesse sentido, como fontes valiosas de compostos bioativos com potencial farmacológico. Neste trabalho, avaliou-se a atividade citotóxica de extratos, frações e compostos isolados das plantas de Fridericia platyphylla (FAB) e Clusia grandiflora (EBCG, DFCG e BZCG), em cinco distintas linhas celulares tumorais humanas: PC-3 (próstata), A549 (pulmão), HT-29 (cólon), Bx-PC3 (pâncreas) e MCF7 (mama). O ensaio de viabilidade celular foi conduzido através do método de MTT, permitindo determinar a concentração inibitória a 50% (IC50) para cada amostra. Foram testadas em sete concentrações diferentes com posterior análise dos resultados utilizando o software GraphPad Prism. O extrato e fração do fruto de C. grandiflora demonstraram atividade citotóxica acentuada, particularmente sobre a linha celular Bx-PC3. Esta seletividade é bastante relevante, tendo em consideração o comportamento agressivo do adenocarcinoma pancreático. O composto BZCG relevou uma atividade limitada e exclusiva contra PC-3, sugerindo que o efeito antitumoral observando para o extrato se pode dever a outro composto ou ao sinergismo entre os diversos componentes presentes no extrato. Por sua vez, o extrato FAB de F. platyphylla apresentou atividade específica contra Bx-PC3, ainda que menos potente comparativamente ao observado anteriormente para C. grandiflora, não evidenciando qualquer tipo de efeito relevante sobre as demais linhas celulares em estudo. Os resultados obtidos sustentam o potencial de C. grandiflora como fonte de compostos com atividade antitumoral, com distinção para o cancro pancreático. A atividade moderada, mas específica, do extrato FAB também levanta a hipótese sobre a sua possível seletividade. Estes dados justificam a continuação dos estudos, incluindo a extração e purificação de novos compostos, a análise da sua toxicidade em células não tumorais, a investigação das vias moleculares envolvidas na atividade antitumoral e a validação em modelos in vivo, com vista à identificação de promissores candidatos para a terapêutica do combate ao cancro.
Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, accounting for high morbidity rates and significant socieconomic impact. Despite advances in cancer treatment, numerous forms of cancer continue to show resistance to conventionally used therapies, which drives ongoing researh and the search for new therapeutic strategies. Natural products have stood out in this context as valuable sources of bioactive compounds with pharmacological potential. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of extracts, fractions and isolated coumpounds from Fridericia platyphylla (FAB) and Clusia grandiflora (EBCG, DFCG e BZCG), in five distinct human cancer cell lines: PC-3 (prostate), A549 (lung), HT-29 (colon), Bx-PC3 (pancreas) e MCF7 (breast). Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay, allowing for the determination of the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) for each sample. The compounds were tested at seven different concentrations, followed by analysis using GraphPad Prism software. The extract and fraction from C. grandiflora flowers demonstrated marked cytotoxic activity, particularly against the Bx-PC3 cell line. This selectivity is especially relevant considering the aggressive nature of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The BZCG compound showed limited and exclusive activity against PC-3, suggesting that the antitumor effect observed for the extract may be due to another compound or to synergistic interactions among the various constituentes present in the isolated compound. Or the other hand, the FAB extract from F. platyphylla showed specific activity against Bx-PC3, although with lower potency compared to the previous results and no relevant effects were observed in the other cell lines tested. The results support the potential of C. grandiflora as a source of compounds with antitumor activity, particularly against pancreatic cancer. The moderate but specific activity of the FAB extract also raises the hypothesis of targeted mechanisms of action. These findings justify the continuation of research, including the extraction and purification of new compounds, toxicity assessment in non-tumor cell lines, investigation of the underlying molecular pathways and validation in, in vivo models, with the goal of identifying promising candidates for cancer therapy.
Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, accounting for high morbidity rates and significant socieconomic impact. Despite advances in cancer treatment, numerous forms of cancer continue to show resistance to conventionally used therapies, which drives ongoing researh and the search for new therapeutic strategies. Natural products have stood out in this context as valuable sources of bioactive compounds with pharmacological potential. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of extracts, fractions and isolated coumpounds from Fridericia platyphylla (FAB) and Clusia grandiflora (EBCG, DFCG e BZCG), in five distinct human cancer cell lines: PC-3 (prostate), A549 (lung), HT-29 (colon), Bx-PC3 (pancreas) e MCF7 (breast). Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay, allowing for the determination of the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) for each sample. The compounds were tested at seven different concentrations, followed by analysis using GraphPad Prism software. The extract and fraction from C. grandiflora flowers demonstrated marked cytotoxic activity, particularly against the Bx-PC3 cell line. This selectivity is especially relevant considering the aggressive nature of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The BZCG compound showed limited and exclusive activity against PC-3, suggesting that the antitumor effect observed for the extract may be due to another compound or to synergistic interactions among the various constituentes present in the isolated compound. Or the other hand, the FAB extract from F. platyphylla showed specific activity against Bx-PC3, although with lower potency compared to the previous results and no relevant effects were observed in the other cell lines tested. The results support the potential of C. grandiflora as a source of compounds with antitumor activity, particularly against pancreatic cancer. The moderate but specific activity of the FAB extract also raises the hypothesis of targeted mechanisms of action. These findings justify the continuation of research, including the extraction and purification of new compounds, toxicity assessment in non-tumor cell lines, investigation of the underlying molecular pathways and validation in, in vivo models, with the goal of identifying promising candidates for cancer therapy.
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Antitumoral Clusia grandiflora Fridericia platyphylla Compostos naturais Extratos Antitumor Natural compounds Extracts