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Conforto térmico nas edificações: um estudo comparativo entre a cidade de Ouro Preto - Minas Gerais –Brasil e Porto - Portugal - materiais e técnicas construtivas
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Abstract(s)
O presente trabalho tem a intenção de tratar as questões relacionadas aos estudos de conforto ambiental, analisando o comportamento térmico das edificações no sentido de estudar soluções arquitetônicas através do uso de técnicas construtivas e materiais que propõem minimizar o desconforto térmico no ambiente construído, bem como os gastos com energia e diminuir os impactos ambientais, que possivelmente contribuirão para uma relação mais apropriada entre o homem e o meio onde vive.
A pesquisa tem como objetivo identificar e analisar a presença de calor ou frio, desconforto térmico nas edificações, a eficiência energética das mesmas, os impactos ambientais gerados por elas e localizar as possíveis características construtivas que são responsáveis por estes fenômenos.
Para um melhor entendimento do assunto foram feitos estudos comparativos de conforto térmico relacionado com as edificações e seus materiais componentes entre a cidade de Ouro Preto – Minas Gerais – Brasil e Porto – Portugal, edifícios escolhidos pela importância histórica nos dois países e considerados bens do patrimônio da humanidade. Dentro desse contexto foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica de diversos trabalhos sobre a arquitetura local e os recursos naturais de conforto ambiental buscando conhecer e relatar a importância da utilização correta dos materiais e das técnicas como uma estratégia eficiente na busca do conforto térmico.
O efeito foi a constatação, através da utilização da ferramenta Archicad que permite a visualização de resultados, de que a escolha e definição de técnicas construtivas e usos de materiais específicos está diretamente ligada à satisfação dos usuários com os espaços que habitam, proporcionando maior conforto e equilíbrio em vários aspectos do bem-estar social.
The present work intends to address the issues related to environmental comfort studies, analyzing the thermal behavior of buildings in order to study architectural solutions through the use of construction techniques and materials that propose to minimize the thermal discomfort in the built environment, as well as the spending on energy and reducing environmental impacts, which may contribute to a more appropriate relationship between man and his environment. The research aims to identify and analyze the presence of heat or cold, thermal discomfort in buildings, their energy efficiency, the environmental impacts generated by them and locate the possible constructive characteristics that are responsible for these phenomena. For a better understanding of the subject, comparative studies of thermal comfort related to the buildings and their component materials between the city of Ouro Preto - Minas Gerais - Brazil and Porto - Portugal were made, buildings chosen for the historical importance in both countries and considered property of the patrimony of humanity. Within this context a bibliographical review of several works on the local architecture and the natural resources of environmental comfort was carried out, seeking to know and report the importance of the correct use of materials and techniques as an efficient strategy in the search of thermal comfort. The effect was the use of the Archicad tool that allows the visualization of results, that the choice and definition of constructive techniques and the use of specific materials is directly related to users' satisfaction with the spaces they inhabit, providing greater comfort and various aspects of social welfare.
The present work intends to address the issues related to environmental comfort studies, analyzing the thermal behavior of buildings in order to study architectural solutions through the use of construction techniques and materials that propose to minimize the thermal discomfort in the built environment, as well as the spending on energy and reducing environmental impacts, which may contribute to a more appropriate relationship between man and his environment. The research aims to identify and analyze the presence of heat or cold, thermal discomfort in buildings, their energy efficiency, the environmental impacts generated by them and locate the possible constructive characteristics that are responsible for these phenomena. For a better understanding of the subject, comparative studies of thermal comfort related to the buildings and their component materials between the city of Ouro Preto - Minas Gerais - Brazil and Porto - Portugal were made, buildings chosen for the historical importance in both countries and considered property of the patrimony of humanity. Within this context a bibliographical review of several works on the local architecture and the natural resources of environmental comfort was carried out, seeking to know and report the importance of the correct use of materials and techniques as an efficient strategy in the search of thermal comfort. The effect was the use of the Archicad tool that allows the visualization of results, that the choice and definition of constructive techniques and the use of specific materials is directly related to users' satisfaction with the spaces they inhabit, providing greater comfort and various aspects of social welfare.
Description
Keywords
Arquitetura Edifício Conforto ambiental Conforto térmico Sustentabilidade Desenvolvimento sustentável Architecture Building Environmental comfort Thermal comfort Sustainability Sustainable development