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Publication
Xerostomia e tratamento com saliva artificial: uma revisão narrativa
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Abstract(s)
A saliva é um fluido biológico complexo essencial para a manutenção da saúde oral. Alterações qualitativas e/ou quantitativas de saliva podem resultar em distúrbios do paladar, fala, deglutição e desnutrição para além de aumentar o risco de desenvolver patologias como a cárie dentária. A xerostomia é definida como a sensação subjetiva de boca seca e é uma condição que para além de aumentar o risco de doenças na cavidade oral tem um grande impacto na qualidade de vida. Pode estar associada a alterações quantitativas e/ou qualitativas da saliva. A sua etiologia pode ser de ordem sistémica ou local e tem uma maior incidência em mulheres, pacientes polimedicados e pacientes que realizam radioterapia da cabeça e pescoço.
Foi realizada uma revisão narrativa da literatura sobre o estado da arte da etiologia, diagnóstico e tratamento da Xerostomia e Saliva Artificial. Foram incluídos 56 artigos relevantes para o tema.
O Inventário de Xerostomia resumido é o método mais utilizado e o seu resultado indica a severidade de xerostomia. O médico dentista deve articular a sua intervenção com outros profissionais de saúde, com intuito de definir uma terapêutica individualizada e adequada.
O diagnóstico da etiologia da xerostomia tem uma especial importância pois quando as glândulas salivares podem ser estimuladas existem várias terapêuticas possíveis, mas quando isso não é possível a utilização de saliva artificial é a única hipótese de tratamento.
Saliva is a complex biological fluid essential for maintaining oral health. Qualitative and/or quantitative changes in saliva can result in taste, speech, swallowing and malnutrition disorders and increase the risk of developing pathologies such as dental caries. Xerostomia is defined as the subjective sensation of dry mouth and is a condition that, in addition to increasing the risk of diseases in the oral cavity, has a great impact on quality of life. It may be associated with quantitative and/or qualitative changes in saliva. Its etiology can be systemic or local and has a higher incidence in women, polymedicated patients and patients undergoing head and neck radiotherapy. A narrative review of the literature on the state of the art of the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of Xerostomia and Artificial Saliva was performed. 56 articles relevant to the topic were included. The summarized Xerostomia Inventory is the most used method and its result indicates the severity of xerostomia. The dentist must articulate his intervention with other health professionals, in order to define an individualized and appropriate therapy. The diagnosis of the etiology of xerostomia is of special importance because when the salivary glands can be stimulated there are several possible therapies, but when this is not possible the use of artificial saliva is the only treatment option.
Saliva is a complex biological fluid essential for maintaining oral health. Qualitative and/or quantitative changes in saliva can result in taste, speech, swallowing and malnutrition disorders and increase the risk of developing pathologies such as dental caries. Xerostomia is defined as the subjective sensation of dry mouth and is a condition that, in addition to increasing the risk of diseases in the oral cavity, has a great impact on quality of life. It may be associated with quantitative and/or qualitative changes in saliva. Its etiology can be systemic or local and has a higher incidence in women, polymedicated patients and patients undergoing head and neck radiotherapy. A narrative review of the literature on the state of the art of the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of Xerostomia and Artificial Saliva was performed. 56 articles relevant to the topic were included. The summarized Xerostomia Inventory is the most used method and its result indicates the severity of xerostomia. The dentist must articulate his intervention with other health professionals, in order to define an individualized and appropriate therapy. The diagnosis of the etiology of xerostomia is of special importance because when the salivary glands can be stimulated there are several possible therapies, but when this is not possible the use of artificial saliva is the only treatment option.
Description
Keywords
Saliva Xerostomia Glândulas salivares Diagnóstico Tratamento Saliva artificial Salivary glands Diagnosis Treatment Artificial saliva