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Side effects of cancer treatments in the oral cavity: a narrative review
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According to the latest GLOBOCAN 2020 (Sung et al., 2021) publication, more the 19 million people worldwide discovered that had to fight cancer in the last year, making cancer a leading cause of death and having damaging impact in quality of life. It is a fact that the load of cancer incidence and associated death is growing quickly worldwide, reflecting the population growth, aging and changes in main risk factors associated, mainly with socioeconomic growth. Cancer of the oral cavity is a challenging disease with high mortality rates; dentists and dental specialists play a key role in all phases of oral patient care.
Cancer treatments include local treatments such as surgery and radiotherapy, and systemic treatments such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transfusions. Although they have undergone a great deal of development over the years, they continue to cause adverse effects that cannot be ignored and most often result in a diminished quality of life for patients, which can even lead to death. As a general dentist, understanding the different cancer treatments and their impact on the oral cavity is mandatory, to anticipate complications and helping to manage them.
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Cancer treatments Oral cancer Chemotherapy Radiotherapy Oral cancer surgery Immunotherapy Oral manifestations Hematopoietic cell transplant