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Publication
Estilos parentais e stress parental em pais com crianças em idade precoce
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Abstract(s)
Actualmente, os estilos parentais são cada vez mais um objecto de estudo a explorar. Aliado a este conceito, surge o stress parental, na medida em que os pais, nos dias de hoje, têm imensas preocupações que não só recaem sobre a educação a dar aos filhos, como também sobre o exercício da sua prática profissional. Os estilos parentais revelam mães e pais em que o envolvimento no trabalho os incita a conciliar com o exercício da parentalidade. De facto, as mães, hoje em dia, para além de estarem muito envolvidas na parentalidade, espera-se que também se envolvam na sua vida profissional. De igual forma em relação aos pais, no sentido em que estes eram vistos como mais centrados no seu trabalho, é reclamado o seu maior envolvimento na parentalidade.
O presente estudo tem como principal objectivo perceber qual a relação existente entre os estilos parentais e o stress parental em pais com filhos em idade precoce. Este trabalho incidiu nos pais com filhos entre os 0 e os 5 anos de idade que frequentavam os Jardins-escola onde estava a ser realizado o estágio curricular, na região do Grande Porto. Para tal recorreu-se ao Questionário de Estilos Parentais (Santos & Cruz, 2008) e ao Índice de Stress Parental (Abidin & Santos, 2003), que foram distribuídos pelos 27 pais que se disponibilizaram para o efeito.
Os resultados obtidos não mostram na globalidade uma relação estatisticamente significante entre os estilos parentais e o stress parental, com excepção do Estilo Permissivo (mães). O estudo revela ainda que não há diferenças nos estilos parentais em função do género da criança; os estilos parentais não se relacionam com o nível de escolaridade dos pais com excepção do Estilo Autoritário (pais). Não foi também encontrada uma associação significante entre o número de filhos e o stress parental, observando-se que a um menor número de filhos, parece corresponder a um maior nível de stress parental.
Currently, parenting styles are increasingly becoming a subject of study to explore. Combined with this concept, parenting stress emerges, to the extent that parents nowadays have many concerns that not only fall upon their children’s education, but also their professional practice. Parenting styles reveal mothers and fathers which work involvement urges them to conciliate with their parental practice. In fact, mothers nowadays, beyond being highly involved with parenting, are expected to be also involved in their jobs. Equally, fathers, in the sense that they were seen as more centered on their jobs, are therefore claiming their greater involvement in parenting. The present study’s aims at understand the existing relationship between parenting styles and parenting stress in parents with early aged children. This work focused on parents with children between 0 to 5 years old and that attended kindergartens where the traineeship was being held, in the Grande Porto region. For this we used the Parenting Styles Questionnaire (Santos & Cruz, 2008) and de Parenting Stress Index (Abidin & Santos, 2003), that were distributed among the 27 parents that showed availability for this purpose. Results showed no significant statistical relation between parenting styles and parenting stress, except Permissive Style (mothers). The study also reveals that there are no differences in parenting styles depending on the gender of the child; parenting styles do not relate to the parents' level of education except Authoritarian Style (fathers). It was also found a significant association between the number of children and parental stress, noting that fewer children, seems to correspond to a higher level of parental stress.
Currently, parenting styles are increasingly becoming a subject of study to explore. Combined with this concept, parenting stress emerges, to the extent that parents nowadays have many concerns that not only fall upon their children’s education, but also their professional practice. Parenting styles reveal mothers and fathers which work involvement urges them to conciliate with their parental practice. In fact, mothers nowadays, beyond being highly involved with parenting, are expected to be also involved in their jobs. Equally, fathers, in the sense that they were seen as more centered on their jobs, are therefore claiming their greater involvement in parenting. The present study’s aims at understand the existing relationship between parenting styles and parenting stress in parents with early aged children. This work focused on parents with children between 0 to 5 years old and that attended kindergartens where the traineeship was being held, in the Grande Porto region. For this we used the Parenting Styles Questionnaire (Santos & Cruz, 2008) and de Parenting Stress Index (Abidin & Santos, 2003), that were distributed among the 27 parents that showed availability for this purpose. Results showed no significant statistical relation between parenting styles and parenting stress, except Permissive Style (mothers). The study also reveals that there are no differences in parenting styles depending on the gender of the child; parenting styles do not relate to the parents' level of education except Authoritarian Style (fathers). It was also found a significant association between the number of children and parental stress, noting that fewer children, seems to correspond to a higher level of parental stress.
Description
Dissertação apresentada à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Psicologia, ramo de Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde
Keywords
Estilos parentais Stress parental Idade precoce Parenting styles Parenting stress Early age