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Determination of sexual dimorphism trough molecular methods: a scoping review
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Projeto de pós-graduação_39547 | 1.57 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
O dimorfismo sexual é de importância fulcral nas investigações forenses. Vários métodos moleculares que utilizam a amelogina, uma proteína presente no esmalte dos dentes, podem ser utilizados para determinar o dimorfismo sexual, tais como: extração de ADN de dentes, amplificação por PCR do gene codificante da amelogenina e posterior análise do tamanho dos produtos de PCR para identificar os cromossomas X e/ou Y.
Objetivo: O objetivo desta revisão de escopo foi explorar o trabalho científico que lida com a utilização do gene codificante da amelogenina na determinação do sexo aplicada à odontologia forense. Por conseguinte, o objetivo é responder à questão de investigação: Os métodos moleculares permitem a determinação do dimorfismo sexual para a identificação forense?
Material e Métodos: Foi efetuada uma revisão da literatura publicada entre 1996 e 2024, utilizando as bases de dados eletrónicas PubMed, MEDLINE (via BVS) e CINAHL (via EBSCO host). Foram aplicados critérios de inclusão e exclusão para selecionar as publicações mais relevantes, e esta seleção encontra-se resumida no fluxograma Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Adicionalmente, foi desenvolvida uma estratégia PCC (População-Conceito-Contexto) para formular a questão de investigação.
Resultados: De acordo com os critérios de inclusão e exclusão estabelecidos, foram selecionados para este estudo 10 artigos dos 1091 inicialmente considerados. Estes artigos exploram a ligação entre a medicina dentária forense e a determinação do sexo através da identificação da amelogenina. Todos estes artigos dizem respeito a investigação in vitro e são classificados de acordo com as categorias "com tratamento" (6 estudos) e "sem tratamento" (4 estudos).
Conclusão: Os métodos moleculares baseados na identificação do gene codificante da amelogenina, presente nos cromossomas X e Y, constituem uma abordagem precisa e fiável para determinar o sexo de um indivíduo.
Sexual dimorphism is of central importance in forensic investigations. Several molecular methods using amelogenin, a protein found in tooth enamel, can be used to determine sexual dimorphism such as: extraction of DNA from teeth, PCR amplification of the gene coding for amelogenin and subsequent analysis of the size of PCR products to identify the X and/or Y chromosomes. Objective: The goal of this scoping review was to explore the scientific work dealing with the use of the gene coding for amelogenin in sex determination applied to forensic dentistry. Therefore, the aim is to answer the research question: Do molecular methods allow the determination of sexual dimorphism for forensic identification? Material and Methods: A review of literature published between 1996 and 2024 was conducted using the electronic databases PubMed, MEDLINE (via BVS) and CINAHL (via EBSCO host). Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to select the most relevant publications, and this selection is summarized in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flowchart. Additionally, a PCC (Population-Concept-Context) strategy was developed to formulate the research question. Results: According to the criteria stated for inclusion and exclusion, 10 articles out of the 1091 initially considered were selected for this study. These articles explore the connection between forensic dentistry and sex determination via amelogenin identification. All these articles are in vitro research and were classified according to the categories "with treatment" (6 studies) and "without treatment" (4 studies). Conclusion: Molecular methods based on the identification of the gene coding for amelogenin, found in both the X and Y chromosomes, provide an accurate and reliable approach to determine the sex of an individual.
Sexual dimorphism is of central importance in forensic investigations. Several molecular methods using amelogenin, a protein found in tooth enamel, can be used to determine sexual dimorphism such as: extraction of DNA from teeth, PCR amplification of the gene coding for amelogenin and subsequent analysis of the size of PCR products to identify the X and/or Y chromosomes. Objective: The goal of this scoping review was to explore the scientific work dealing with the use of the gene coding for amelogenin in sex determination applied to forensic dentistry. Therefore, the aim is to answer the research question: Do molecular methods allow the determination of sexual dimorphism for forensic identification? Material and Methods: A review of literature published between 1996 and 2024 was conducted using the electronic databases PubMed, MEDLINE (via BVS) and CINAHL (via EBSCO host). Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to select the most relevant publications, and this selection is summarized in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flowchart. Additionally, a PCC (Population-Concept-Context) strategy was developed to formulate the research question. Results: According to the criteria stated for inclusion and exclusion, 10 articles out of the 1091 initially considered were selected for this study. These articles explore the connection between forensic dentistry and sex determination via amelogenin identification. All these articles are in vitro research and were classified according to the categories "with treatment" (6 studies) and "without treatment" (4 studies). Conclusion: Molecular methods based on the identification of the gene coding for amelogenin, found in both the X and Y chromosomes, provide an accurate and reliable approach to determine the sex of an individual.
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Keywords
Medicina dentária forense Análises Determinação do sexo Análise Amelogenina Forensic dentistry Forensic odontology Analyses Sex determination Analysis Amelogenin