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Avaliação do equilíbrio em indivíduos com deficiência visual e normovisuais, praticantes e não praticantes de atividades desportivas
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Abstract(s)
Introdução: A visão permite ajustes de movimento necessários no dia-a-dia, sendo que
em indivíduos com deficiência visual (DV), é parcialmente ou totalmente inexequível
usar referências visuais nas tarefas motoras. O risco de lesão é mais elevado nesta
população. Foram comprovados os benefícios da atividade desportiva no equilíbrio de
indivíduos com DV. O objetivo principal desta investigação foi avaliar o equilíbrio em
indivíduos NV e DV, fazendo a comparação entre indivíduos Pra e NPra presentes em
cada grupo, durante a execução de diferentes testes de avaliação. Foi também objetivo do
trabalho perceber se os testes aplicados são apropriados para a avaliação do equilíbrio na
população com DV. Metodologia: A amostra foi constituída por 40 participantes do sexo
feminino e masculino, de onde foram criados quatro grupo: I-Pra-NV (n=12); II-Pra-DV
(n=12); III-NP-NV (n=8); IV-NP-DV (n=8). Para avaliar os deslocamentos do centro de
gravidade (COG), utilizou-se uma central inercial a nível de L5-S1 e do output foram
extraídos os valores das acelerações, registados a uma frequência de 75 Hz, e
posteriormente calculado o valor do Root Mean Square (RMS). A avaliação do equilíbrio
deu-se em função de nove testes de equilíbrio (6 estáticos e 3 dinâmicos), tendo sido
colocada uma venda a todos os participantes com o objetivo de retirar o estímulo visual.
Resultados: Os valores de RMS forma semelhantes nos testes estáticos entre indivíduos
NV e indivíduos com DV, exceto nos testes OLS-NPre (p<0,001) e o OLS-Pre (p=0,003).
Entre Pra e NPra apenas foram registadas diferenças significativas no BiColchão nas
componentes AP (p=0,029) e ML (p=0,027). Os testes dinâmicos foram tendencialmente
melhores em indivíduos NV. Conclusão: Os testes estáticos apresentaram valores
semelhantes entre indivíduos NV e indivíduos com DV e o mesmo aconteceu entre Pra e
NPra, Os testes OLS-NPre e OLS-Pre, foram os únicos testes estáticos que foram
significativamente afetados pela condição visual, Os testes dinâmicos foram
tendencialmente melhores para o grupo de NV. A prática de atividade desportiva mostrou
ser vantajosa na obtenção de melhor equilíbrio dinâmico. Dos testes aplicados, o OLS e
os testes dinâmicos mostraram utilidade na avaliação de equilíbrio em indivíduos com
DV.
Introduction: Sight allows for movement adjustments on a day-to-day basis, and in visually impaired individuals (VI) it is partially or totally unenforceable to use visual cues in motor tasks. The risk of injury is higher with this population. The benefits of sports activity was proven in the balance of VI individuals. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the balance in sighted (NV) and VI individuals, practitioners (Pra) and non practitioners (NPra) of sports during the execution of different evaluation tests and to verify if the applied tests were appropriate for the assessment of balance in subjects with VI Methodology: The sample consisted of 40 male and female participants, from which four groups were created: I-Pra-NV (n=12); II-Pra-VI (n=12); III-NP-NV (n=8); IV-NP-VI (n=8). In order to evaluate the center of gravity (COG), an inertial power station at the L5-S1 level was used, and from the output the acceleration values were extracted, registered at a frequency of 75 Hz, and later the Root Mean Square (RMS) was calculated. The assessment of balance was based on nine equilibrium tests (six static and three dynamic), and a blindfold was placed on every participants with the goal of removing any visual stimulus. Results: The RMS values were similar during the static tests between NV and VI individuals, except in the OLS-NPre (p<0,001) and the OLSPre (p=0,003) tests. Between Pra and NPra, significant differences were only registered in BiColchão situations on the AP (p=0,029) and ML (p=0,027) situations. The dynamic tests tended to be better in NV individuals. Conclusion: The static tests show similar values between NV and VI individuals, and the same occoured between Pra and NPra, the OLS-NPre and OLS-Pre tests were the only static tests that were significantly affected by the visual condition, the dynamic tests tended to be better in the NV group. Sports activity proved to be beneficial in obtaining a better dynamic balance. From the applied tests, the OLS and dynamic tests showed utility in the evaluation of balance in NV individuals.
Introduction: Sight allows for movement adjustments on a day-to-day basis, and in visually impaired individuals (VI) it is partially or totally unenforceable to use visual cues in motor tasks. The risk of injury is higher with this population. The benefits of sports activity was proven in the balance of VI individuals. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the balance in sighted (NV) and VI individuals, practitioners (Pra) and non practitioners (NPra) of sports during the execution of different evaluation tests and to verify if the applied tests were appropriate for the assessment of balance in subjects with VI Methodology: The sample consisted of 40 male and female participants, from which four groups were created: I-Pra-NV (n=12); II-Pra-VI (n=12); III-NP-NV (n=8); IV-NP-VI (n=8). In order to evaluate the center of gravity (COG), an inertial power station at the L5-S1 level was used, and from the output the acceleration values were extracted, registered at a frequency of 75 Hz, and later the Root Mean Square (RMS) was calculated. The assessment of balance was based on nine equilibrium tests (six static and three dynamic), and a blindfold was placed on every participants with the goal of removing any visual stimulus. Results: The RMS values were similar during the static tests between NV and VI individuals, except in the OLS-NPre (p<0,001) and the OLSPre (p=0,003) tests. Between Pra and NPra, significant differences were only registered in BiColchão situations on the AP (p=0,029) and ML (p=0,027) situations. The dynamic tests tended to be better in NV individuals. Conclusion: The static tests show similar values between NV and VI individuals, and the same occoured between Pra and NPra, the OLS-NPre and OLS-Pre tests were the only static tests that were significantly affected by the visual condition, the dynamic tests tended to be better in the NV group. Sports activity proved to be beneficial in obtaining a better dynamic balance. From the applied tests, the OLS and dynamic tests showed utility in the evaluation of balance in NV individuals.
Description
Keywords
Deficiência visual Atividade desportiva Equilíbrio Centro de gravidade Visual impairment Sports activity balance Center of gravity