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Relação entre bem-estar (espiritual e psicológico) e saúde mental em adultos
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
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| Dissertação de mestrado_41746 | 4.54 MB | Adobe PDF |
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O presente estuda visa analisar o de Bem-Estar Psicológico, Bem-Estar Espiritual e a Saúde Mental em adultos portugueses e explorar a relação entre eles.
Por este tema despertar um grande interesse científico foi importante desenvolver este estudo como forma de aprofundar e adquirir novos conhecimentos.
Inicialmente, é feito um enquadramento conceptual do bem-estar geral, que serve de base para a análise de duas dimensões amplamente discutidas na literatura: o bem-estar subjetivo e o bem-estar social. Este percurso teórico, orientado por uma lógica de afunilamento, permite uma transição natural para as dimensões centrais deste estudo: o bem-estar psicológico e o bem-estar espiritual, cujo impacto na saúde mental tem vindo a suscitar um interesse crescente.
O estudo contou com um total de 101 participantes, todos adultos portugueses e com idades compreendias entre os 18 e os 61 anos. Os dados foram recolhidos com recurso a um Questionário Sociodemográfico, Escala de Bem-Estar Psicológico (EBEP) – Versão Portuguesa, Questionário de Bem-Estar Espiritual (SWBQ) – Versão Portuguesa e o Internacional Mental Health Inventory de 5 itens. Os resultados demonstraram uma correlação positiva moderada e estatisticamente significativa entre o MHI-5 e o EBEP Total, indicando que uma melhor saúde mental percebida está associada a níveis mais elevados de bem-estar psicológico. Também se observou uma correlação positiva entre o MHI-5 e o bem-estar espiritual total, em particular com a dimensão de Espiritualidade Pessoal, embora as dimensões Transcendente, Comunitária e Ambiental do SWBQ não tenham apresentado correlações significativas com a saúde mental percebida. Estes dados confirmam que o bem-estar psicológico e espiritual (sobretudo na sua vertente pessoal) são fatores relevantes para a saúde mental, ainda que o impacto da espiritualidade possa assumir formas distintas consoante o contexto cultural e geracional.
Este estudo não representa apenas uma contribuição académica, mas também um percurso pessoal de aprendizagem e reflexão. Foi uma oportunidade para reconhecer que cuidar da saúde mental implica olhar para o ser humano na sua totalidade — nas suas emoções, valores, relações e significados. Que este trabalho possa servir de base para futuras investigações, mas também para inspirar intervenções mais humanas e integradas, onde o bem-estar não seja apenas uma meta, mas um caminho.
This study aims to analyze the Psychological Well-Being, Spiritual Well-Being and Mental Health in Portuguese adults and explore the relationship between them. Because this topic arouses great scientific interest, it was important to develop this study as a way to deepen and acquire new knowledge. Initially, a conceptual framework of general well-being is made, which serves as a basis for the analysis of two dimensions widely discussed in the literature: subjective well-being and social well-being. This theoretical path, guided by a logic of funneling, allows a natural transition to the central dimensions of this study: psychological wellbeing and spiritual well-being, whose impact on mental health has been arousing increasing interest. The study had a total of 101 participants, all Portuguese adults and aged between 18 and 61 years. Data were collected using a Sociodemographic Questionnaire, Psychological Well-Being Scale (EBEP) – Portuguese Version, Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaire (SWBQ) – Portuguese Version and the 5-item International Mental Health Inventory. The results demonstrated a moderate and statistically significant positive correlation between MHI-5 and Total EBEP, indicating that better perceived mental health is associated with higher levels of psychological well-being. A positive correlation was also observed between MHI-5 and total spiritual well-being, in particular with the Personal Spirituality dimension, although the Transcendent, Community, and Environmental dimensions of the SWBQ did not show significant correlations with perceived mental health. These data confirm that psychological and spiritual well-being (especially in their personal aspect) are relevant factors for mental health, although the impact of spirituality can take different forms depending on the cultural and generational context. This study represents not only an academic contribution, but also a personal journey of learning and reflection. It was an opportunity to recognize that taking care of mental health implies looking at the human being in its entirety — in its emotions, values, relationships and meanings. May this work serve as a basis for future research, but also to inspire more humane and integrated interventions, where well-being is not just a goal, but a path.
This study aims to analyze the Psychological Well-Being, Spiritual Well-Being and Mental Health in Portuguese adults and explore the relationship between them. Because this topic arouses great scientific interest, it was important to develop this study as a way to deepen and acquire new knowledge. Initially, a conceptual framework of general well-being is made, which serves as a basis for the analysis of two dimensions widely discussed in the literature: subjective well-being and social well-being. This theoretical path, guided by a logic of funneling, allows a natural transition to the central dimensions of this study: psychological wellbeing and spiritual well-being, whose impact on mental health has been arousing increasing interest. The study had a total of 101 participants, all Portuguese adults and aged between 18 and 61 years. Data were collected using a Sociodemographic Questionnaire, Psychological Well-Being Scale (EBEP) – Portuguese Version, Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaire (SWBQ) – Portuguese Version and the 5-item International Mental Health Inventory. The results demonstrated a moderate and statistically significant positive correlation between MHI-5 and Total EBEP, indicating that better perceived mental health is associated with higher levels of psychological well-being. A positive correlation was also observed between MHI-5 and total spiritual well-being, in particular with the Personal Spirituality dimension, although the Transcendent, Community, and Environmental dimensions of the SWBQ did not show significant correlations with perceived mental health. These data confirm that psychological and spiritual well-being (especially in their personal aspect) are relevant factors for mental health, although the impact of spirituality can take different forms depending on the cultural and generational context. This study represents not only an academic contribution, but also a personal journey of learning and reflection. It was an opportunity to recognize that taking care of mental health implies looking at the human being in its entirety — in its emotions, values, relationships and meanings. May this work serve as a basis for future research, but also to inspire more humane and integrated interventions, where well-being is not just a goal, but a path.
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Palavras-chave
Bem-estar Bem-estar psicológico Bem-estar espiritual Saúde mental Welfare Psychological well-being Spiritual wellness Mental health