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Estudo dos acidentes de trabalho no setor da construção civil em Portugal
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Abstract(s)
Nesta dissertação pretende-se abordar a temática da segurança e saúde no trabalho, no setor da Construção Civil, em Portugal. A escolha deste tema relaciona-se com a necessidade de se contribuir para a sensibilização de uma «cultura de prevenção», nesta área. Sendo a Construção Civil um setor com forte incidência de sinistralidade laboral e apresentando, ainda, uma elevada taxa de mortalidade, urge recolher informação que permita caraterizar os acidentes de trabalho, principalmente aqueles que ocorrem predominantemente. Por outro lado é fundamental interpretar o significado dos dados estatísticos que são difundidos pelas entidades competentes, sobre esses mesmos acidentes de trabalho.
A investigação foi desenvolvida a partir da recolha, compilação, análise e caracterização de dados estatísticos veiculados por fontes oficiais, como o Gabinete de Estratégia e Planeamento, a Associação dos Industriais da Construção Civil e Obras Públicas e a Federação Portuguesa da Indústria da Construção e Obras Públicas, sobre informações relacionadas com os acidentes de trabalho, no período compreendido entre 2008 e 2014.
Face aos resultados obtidos, conclui-se que foi possível identificar um «padrão» que fornece dados relevantes acerca da incidência dos acidentes de trabalho, nomeadamente, no que diz respeito à dimensão e localização geográfica das empresas, faixa etária e sexo dos trabalhadores, locais de ocorrência, atividade física, desvios e contactos. Constata-se, também, ser necessário proceder a uma leitura dos dados estatísticos divulgados, a partir de uma abordagem relativa, a qual permite concluir que o número de acidentes de trabalho ocorridos por trabalhador/obra e por ano, neste setor, na realidade não têm vindo a diminuir. Parece, assim, pertinente continuar a desenvolver-se todos os esforços para alterar esta tendência.
In this paper we intend to deal with the topic of work health and safety in the Construction sector in Portugal. The choice for this topic relates to the need of contributing to a greater awareness of a “culture of prevention” in this area. Since the Construction sector has a high number of work-related accidents and a high mortality rate, there is urgency in gathering information allowing the characterization of work-related accidents, especially those occurring predominantly. On the other hand, it is of paramount importance that we interpret the meaning of the statistical data conveyed by the relevant organizations concerning these accidents. The research was developed following the collection, compilation, analysis and characterization of statistical data from official sources, such as the Strategy and Planning Office [Gabinete de Estratégia e Planeamento], the Association of the Construction and Public Works Industrialists [Associação dos Industriais da Construção Civil e Obras Públicas] and the Portuguese Federation of the Construction and Public Works Industry [Federação Portuguesa da Indústria da Construção e Obras Públicas], concerning work-related accidents in the period between 2008 and 2014. From the results obtained, we conclude that it was possible to identify a “pattern” which conveys relevant data about the incidence of work-related accidents, namely in terms of the companies’ size and geographic location, the workers’ age range and gender, the places of occurrence, the type of physical activity, deviations and contacts. We also conclude that the statistical data conveyed should be read based on a relative approach, which allows us to conclude that the number of work-related accidents which happened in this sector by worker/site and by year has not been decreasing. It thus seems pertinent to proceed with the efforts to change this trend.
In this paper we intend to deal with the topic of work health and safety in the Construction sector in Portugal. The choice for this topic relates to the need of contributing to a greater awareness of a “culture of prevention” in this area. Since the Construction sector has a high number of work-related accidents and a high mortality rate, there is urgency in gathering information allowing the characterization of work-related accidents, especially those occurring predominantly. On the other hand, it is of paramount importance that we interpret the meaning of the statistical data conveyed by the relevant organizations concerning these accidents. The research was developed following the collection, compilation, analysis and characterization of statistical data from official sources, such as the Strategy and Planning Office [Gabinete de Estratégia e Planeamento], the Association of the Construction and Public Works Industrialists [Associação dos Industriais da Construção Civil e Obras Públicas] and the Portuguese Federation of the Construction and Public Works Industry [Federação Portuguesa da Indústria da Construção e Obras Públicas], concerning work-related accidents in the period between 2008 and 2014. From the results obtained, we conclude that it was possible to identify a “pattern” which conveys relevant data about the incidence of work-related accidents, namely in terms of the companies’ size and geographic location, the workers’ age range and gender, the places of occurrence, the type of physical activity, deviations and contacts. We also conclude that the statistical data conveyed should be read based on a relative approach, which allows us to conclude that the number of work-related accidents which happened in this sector by worker/site and by year has not been decreasing. It thus seems pertinent to proceed with the efforts to change this trend.
Description
Keywords
Construção civil Segurança e saúde no trabalho Prevenção Acidentes de trabalho Construction Work health and safety Prevention Work-related accidents