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Os efeitos dos medicamentos psicotrópicos na saúde oral em pessoas com doenças psiquiátricas: revisão narrativa
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| Projeto de pós-graduação_39526 | 271.76 KB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Os medicamentos psicotrópicos são ferramentas essenciais no tratamento de distúrbios mentais, agindo nos processos neuroquímicos do cérebro para ajudar a estabilizar o humor, reduzir a ansiedade, melhorar a concentração ou tratar sintomas psicóticos, conforme as necessidades específicas de cada paciente. A saúde oral é um componente crucial do bem-estar geral de uma pessoa, influenciando não apenas a funcionalidade dos dentes e gengivas, mas também aspetos sociais e emocionais como autoestima e interação social. No entanto, o acesso igualitário a cuidados oro-dentários e a aplicação de uma boa higiene oral não são uma realidade para todos. Muitas pessoas enfrentam barreiras significativas, como falta de acesso a serviços oro-dentários, educação limitada sobre práticas de higiene oral adequadas, condições socioeconómicas desfavoráveis e influências culturais adversas. As pessoas com doenças psiquiátricas são um ótimo exemplo. Além de suas predisposições desfavoráveis, elas consomem medicamentos psicotrópicos.
Esta tese explora o impacto dos medicamentos psicotrópicos na saúde oral de pacientes com transtornos psiquiátricos, evidenciando efeitos como xerostomia, sialorreia, cáries dentárias, doenças periodontais, bruxismo e disgeusia. Através de uma revisão narrativa da literatura, este estudo examina os efeitos colaterais destes medicamentos, destacando também os muitos outros fatores associados a uma má saúde oral em pessoas com doença psiquiátrica.
Em conclusão, os medicamentos psicotrópicos, embora essenciais no tratamento de transtornos mentais, apresentam diversos efeitos colaterais que podem impactar negativamente a saúde oral dos pacientes. A integração entre saúde mental e saúde oral é crucial, demandando uma abordagem holística e a consciencialização tanto de profissionais de saúde quanto dos próprios pacientes. A implementação de campanhas educativas e o acompanhamento regular da saúde oral são passos fundamentais para mitigar esses efeitos e melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes psiquiátricos.
Psychotropic medications are essential tools in treating mental disorders, acting on the brain's neurochemical processes to help stabilize mood, reduce anxiety, improve concentration, or treat psychotic symptoms according to each patient's specific needs. Oral health is a crucial component of overall well-being, influencing not only the functionality of teeth and gums but also social and emotional aspects such as self-esteem and social interaction. However, equal access to dental care and the practice of good oral hygiene are not a reality for everyone. Many face significant barriers such as lack of access to dental services, limited education on proper oral hygiene practices, unfavorable socioeconomic conditions, and adverse cultural influences. Individuals with psychiatric disorders serve as a prime example, as they not only contend with predispositions but also consume psychotropic medications. This thesis explores the impact of psychotropic medications on the oral health of patients with psychiatric disorders, highlighting effects such as dry mouth, hypersalivation, dental caries, periodontal diseases, bruxism, and dysgeusia. Through a narrative literature review, this study examines the side effects of these medications, while also underscoring various other factors associated with poor oral health in psychiatric patients. In conclusion, while psychotropic medications are indispensable in treating mental disorders, they come with numerous side effects that can adversely affect patients' oral health. Integrating mental health and oral health care is critical, necessitating a holistic approach and raising awareness among both healthcare professionals and patients themselves. Implementing educational campaigns and regularly monitoring oral health are crucial steps to mitigate these effects and enhance the quality of life for psychiatric patients.
Psychotropic medications are essential tools in treating mental disorders, acting on the brain's neurochemical processes to help stabilize mood, reduce anxiety, improve concentration, or treat psychotic symptoms according to each patient's specific needs. Oral health is a crucial component of overall well-being, influencing not only the functionality of teeth and gums but also social and emotional aspects such as self-esteem and social interaction. However, equal access to dental care and the practice of good oral hygiene are not a reality for everyone. Many face significant barriers such as lack of access to dental services, limited education on proper oral hygiene practices, unfavorable socioeconomic conditions, and adverse cultural influences. Individuals with psychiatric disorders serve as a prime example, as they not only contend with predispositions but also consume psychotropic medications. This thesis explores the impact of psychotropic medications on the oral health of patients with psychiatric disorders, highlighting effects such as dry mouth, hypersalivation, dental caries, periodontal diseases, bruxism, and dysgeusia. Through a narrative literature review, this study examines the side effects of these medications, while also underscoring various other factors associated with poor oral health in psychiatric patients. In conclusion, while psychotropic medications are indispensable in treating mental disorders, they come with numerous side effects that can adversely affect patients' oral health. Integrating mental health and oral health care is critical, necessitating a holistic approach and raising awareness among both healthcare professionals and patients themselves. Implementing educational campaigns and regularly monitoring oral health are crucial steps to mitigate these effects and enhance the quality of life for psychiatric patients.
Description
Keywords
Saúde oral Psicotrópicos Medicamentos Psiquiatria Doença mental Revisão narrativa Oral health Psychotropic Drugs Psychiatry Mental illness Narrative review