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Imunoterapia: novo paradigma para tratamento de cancro oral
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PPG_23675 | 1.3 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
O cancro oral é uma neoplasia maligna relativamente frequente, sendo por isso responsável por uma taxa de mortalidade elevada. Em particular, o carcinoma espinocelular é o tipo histológico mais frequente das neoplasias malignas da cavidade oral, estando claramente associada a factores de risco como o tabaco, o consumo de álcool e a infecção pelo vírus do papiloma humano (HPV). Actualmente, no mundo ocidental, observa-se um aumento na incidência do cancro da língua que parece estar relacionado com infecções pelos vírus HPV. Tendo em conta os fenómenos associados à cancerização da mucosa oral e a progressão do mesmo, este trabalho tem como função a pesquisa de possíveis alternativas de tratamentos, nomeadamente a imunoterapia, com a utilização de anticorpos monoclonais, terapia de vacinas, terapia de transferência adoptiva de células T, entre outras, uma vez que nem sempre os tratamentos convencionais como a quimioterapia, radioterapia, ou tratamento cirúrgico se revelam completamente eficazes. Contudo, existe uma carência de protocolos definidos, sendo a imunoterapia ainda uma terapêutica a evoluir, por isso esta monografia pretende fazer uma revisão sobre o ‘’estado da arte’’ deste tema tão complexo, com base em literatura de vários autores ao longo desta última década. Este trabalho pretende mencionar novos alvos terapêuticos que permitem desenhar terapêuticas mais dirigidas e, eventualmente, com menos efeitos adversos. A utilização por exemplo do cetuximab (anti-EGFR), que na prática clínica é já uma realidade.
Oral cancer is a relatively common malignant neoplasia and is therefore responsible for a high mortality rate. In particular, squamous cell carcinoma is the most common histological type of malignant neoplasms of the oral cavity and are clearly associated with risk factors such as tobacco, alcohol and infection with the human papilloma virus (HPV). Currently, in the Western world, there is an increased incidence of tongue cancer that seems to be related to infection with HPV. Taking into account the phenomena associated with canceration of the oral mucosa and the progression thereof, this work has the function of to do an update treatment alternatives, such as the immunotherapy with the use of monoclonal antibodies, vaccine therapies, adoptive T cell therapy, among others, since not always the conventional treatments such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy or surgical treatment is quite effective show. However, there is a lack of defined protocols, and immunotherapy still a therapeutic evolving science, so this monograph also aims to revises some, based on literature by several authors over the last decade. This work intends to mention new therapeutic targets that allow the design of more targeted therapies and possibly with fewer side effects. Use for example of cetuximab (anti-EGFR), which in clinical practice is already a reality.
Oral cancer is a relatively common malignant neoplasia and is therefore responsible for a high mortality rate. In particular, squamous cell carcinoma is the most common histological type of malignant neoplasms of the oral cavity and are clearly associated with risk factors such as tobacco, alcohol and infection with the human papilloma virus (HPV). Currently, in the Western world, there is an increased incidence of tongue cancer that seems to be related to infection with HPV. Taking into account the phenomena associated with canceration of the oral mucosa and the progression thereof, this work has the function of to do an update treatment alternatives, such as the immunotherapy with the use of monoclonal antibodies, vaccine therapies, adoptive T cell therapy, among others, since not always the conventional treatments such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy or surgical treatment is quite effective show. However, there is a lack of defined protocols, and immunotherapy still a therapeutic evolving science, so this monograph also aims to revises some, based on literature by several authors over the last decade. This work intends to mention new therapeutic targets that allow the design of more targeted therapies and possibly with fewer side effects. Use for example of cetuximab (anti-EGFR), which in clinical practice is already a reality.
Description
Keywords
Cancro oral Carcinoma espinocelular Radioterapia Quimioterapia Imunoterapia Anticorpos monoclonais Antigénios tumorais Cetuximab Inibidores de checkpoints Terapia de vacinas Células T Oral cancer Squamous cell carcinoma Radiotherapy Chemotherapy Immunotherapy Monoclonal antibodies Tumor antigens Cetuximab Checkpoints inhibitors Vaccine therapies T cells