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Utilização de pensos multifuncionais para o tratamento de feridas crónicas
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Abstract(s)
Um defeito ou quebra na pele, comummente denominado de ferida, afeta milhões de pessoas em todo o mundo e, dependendo do tipo de ferida, pode ter um elevado impacto tanto a nível individual como socioeconómico. Para o indivíduo portador de uma ferida crónica, as suas repercussões fazem-se sentir a nível físico e psicossocial, representando quase sempre uma limitação na sua qualidade de vida, podendo prejudicar a mobilidade e, em situações extremas, levar á amputação da zona afetada. Em 2011, a Organização Mundial de Saúde e a Organização das Nações Unidas, emitiram uma declaração de advertência sobre as feridas crónicas, devido aos custos socioeconómicos aferentes a este tipo de enfermidade, os quais exercem um elevado impacto nos sistemas nacionais de saúde. Salientando ainda que, este flagelo socioeconómico associado , direta ou indiretamente, as feridas crónicas tende a sofrer um aumento considerável devido ao envelhecimento populacional/aumento de esperança média de vida consequente aumento da suscetibilidade a infeções e doenças.
Atualmente encontra-se disponível no mercado, uma ampla gama de pensos que visam na melhoria dos cuidados de saúde relacionados com este tipo de enfermidade. Os pensos mais atrativos no mercado são os que atuam no pregresso de regeneração/cicatrização ou no tratamento da infeção, devido á incorporação de substitutos da pele/fatores de crescimento ou de antibióticos, respetivamente. No entanto, existe uma grande preocupação na utilização indiscriminada de pensos acoplados com antibióticos, devido as reações alérgicas aos antibióticos de aplicação tópica, aos riscos de toxicidade, mas sobretudo á ocorrência de resistência microbiana.
A defect or break in the skin, commonly called wound, affects millions of people around the world and, depending on the type of wound, can have a high impact both individually and socioeconomically. For the individual with a chronic wound, its repercussions are felt on a physical and psychosocial level, almost always representing a limitation in their quality of life, which may impair mobility and, in extreme situations, lead to amputation of the affected area. In 2011, the World Health Organization and the United Nations Organization issued a warning statement on chronic wounds due to the socio-economic costs associated with this type of disease, which have a high impact on national health systems. It should be noted that this socioeconomic scourge, directly or indirectly associated with chronic wounds, tends to increase considerably due to population aging/increase of average life expectancy, consequent increase in susceptibility to infections and diseases. A wide range of dressings are currently available on the market, aimed at improving health care related to this type of illness. The most attractive patches on the market are those that act on the regeneration/healing progression or on the treatment of infection, due to the incorporation of skin substitutes/growth factors or antibiotics, respectively. However, there is great concern in the indiscriminate use of antibiotic-coupled dressings, due to allergic reactions to topical antibiotics, to the risks of toxicity, but especially to the occurrence of microbial resistance.
A defect or break in the skin, commonly called wound, affects millions of people around the world and, depending on the type of wound, can have a high impact both individually and socioeconomically. For the individual with a chronic wound, its repercussions are felt on a physical and psychosocial level, almost always representing a limitation in their quality of life, which may impair mobility and, in extreme situations, lead to amputation of the affected area. In 2011, the World Health Organization and the United Nations Organization issued a warning statement on chronic wounds due to the socio-economic costs associated with this type of disease, which have a high impact on national health systems. It should be noted that this socioeconomic scourge, directly or indirectly associated with chronic wounds, tends to increase considerably due to population aging/increase of average life expectancy, consequent increase in susceptibility to infections and diseases. A wide range of dressings are currently available on the market, aimed at improving health care related to this type of illness. The most attractive patches on the market are those that act on the regeneration/healing progression or on the treatment of infection, due to the incorporation of skin substitutes/growth factors or antibiotics, respectively. However, there is great concern in the indiscriminate use of antibiotic-coupled dressings, due to allergic reactions to topical antibiotics, to the risks of toxicity, but especially to the occurrence of microbial resistance.
Description
Keywords
Pensos Feridas crónicas Infeções Amputações Polímeros bioativos Antibióticos Malhas Hidrogéis Autoenxertos Processos de cicatrização Dressings Chronic wounds Infections Amputations Bioactive polymers Antibiotics Meshes Hydrogels Autografts Healing process