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Publication
Eating disorders in adolescence: relation with food choices and future implications
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
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| 39599 | 477.93 KB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
Objetivo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo rever a literatura científica sobre os preditores dos distúrbios alimentares e explorar a forma como estas podem moldar as escolhas alimentares dos adolescentes e as suas implicações futuras.
Metodologia: Através de uma pesquisa na PubMed®, seguida de um método de identificação em bola de neve, foram identificados 79 estudos relevantes a serem incluídos.
Resultados: A adolescência é caracterizada como um período crítico em que ocorrem mudanças físicas, psicológicas e sociais, que podem tornar o indivíduo mais suscetível a desenvolver um distúrbio alimentar. As pressões sobre a imagem corporal, a aceitação social e os padrões de beleza da sociedade podem desencadear uma relação distorcida com a comida, bem como uma preocupação excessiva com o peso e a forma do corpo. Fatores genéticos, ambientais e psicológicos contribuem também para o aparecimento de distúrbios alimentares.
A anorexia nervosa, a bulimia nervosa e o transtorno de compulsão alimentar são os distúrbios alimentares mais prevalentes neste grupo etário, apresentando cada um deles sintomas e comportamentos distintos. Estes distúrbios têm consequências graves para a saúde física e mental dos indivíduos, afetando negativamente a sua saúde e qualidade de vida. No que diz respeito especificamente às escolhas alimentares, a evidência científica destaca diferenças significativas na ingestão energética, na distribuição dos macronutrientes e nos comportamentos alimentares entre indivíduos com diferentes distúrbios alimentares. Reconhecer estas variações e incorporá-las em planos de tratamento abrangentes pode contribuir para intervenções mais direcionadas e a melhores resultados para aqueles que enfrentam os distúrbios alimentares.
Conclusões: A deteção precoce e o tratamento adequado são essenciais para a recuperação e prevenção de complicações graves associadas aos distúrbios alimentares nos adolescentes. No entanto, é importante ter em conta os recursos limitados e a necessidade de uma avaliação abrangente dos programas preventivos, o que exige investigação e avaliação contínuas para melhorar as estratégias de prevenção e os resultados do tratamento. O objetivo final é melhorar a qualidade de vida destes jovens, proporcionando-lhes o apoio emocional, físico e psicológico necessário para ultrapassarem os desafios relacionados com a doença e promoverem uma relação saudável com a comida e o corpo ao longo das suas vidas.
Aim: To review the scientific literature on the predictors of eating disorders and explore how these disorders can shape adolescent’s food choices and their future implications. Methods: A search on PubMed®, followed by a snowball identification method, identified 79 relevant studies to be included. Results: Adolescence is characterized as a critical period when physical, psychological, and social changes occur, which may make the individual more susceptible to developing an eating disorder. Pressures on body image, social acceptance, and societal standards of beauty can trigger a distorted relationship with food as well as excessive concern with body weight and shape. Genetic, environmental and psychological factors contribute to the onset of eating disorders. Anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder are the most prevalent eating disorders at this age group, each presenting distinct symptoms and behaviors. These disorders have serious consequences for the physical and mental health of the affected individuals, negatively affecting their health and quality of life. Regarding specifically food choices, the evidence highlights the significant differences in caloric intake, macronutrient composition, and eating behaviors between individuals with different eating disorders. Recognizing these variations and incorporating them into comprehensive treatment plans may contribute to more targeted interventions and better outcomes for those facing eating disorders. Conclusions: An early detection and adequate treatment are essential for the recovery and prevention of severe complications associated with eating disorders in adolescents. However, it is important to take into account the limited resources and the need for comprehensive evaluation of preventive programs, which requires ongoing research and evaluation to improve prevention tactics and treatment outcomes. The ultimately goal is to improve the quality of life for these young people by providing them with the emotional, physical, and psychological support needed to overcome the challenges related with the disease and to promote a healthy relationship with food and body throughout their lives.
Aim: To review the scientific literature on the predictors of eating disorders and explore how these disorders can shape adolescent’s food choices and their future implications. Methods: A search on PubMed®, followed by a snowball identification method, identified 79 relevant studies to be included. Results: Adolescence is characterized as a critical period when physical, psychological, and social changes occur, which may make the individual more susceptible to developing an eating disorder. Pressures on body image, social acceptance, and societal standards of beauty can trigger a distorted relationship with food as well as excessive concern with body weight and shape. Genetic, environmental and psychological factors contribute to the onset of eating disorders. Anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder are the most prevalent eating disorders at this age group, each presenting distinct symptoms and behaviors. These disorders have serious consequences for the physical and mental health of the affected individuals, negatively affecting their health and quality of life. Regarding specifically food choices, the evidence highlights the significant differences in caloric intake, macronutrient composition, and eating behaviors between individuals with different eating disorders. Recognizing these variations and incorporating them into comprehensive treatment plans may contribute to more targeted interventions and better outcomes for those facing eating disorders. Conclusions: An early detection and adequate treatment are essential for the recovery and prevention of severe complications associated with eating disorders in adolescents. However, it is important to take into account the limited resources and the need for comprehensive evaluation of preventive programs, which requires ongoing research and evaluation to improve prevention tactics and treatment outcomes. The ultimately goal is to improve the quality of life for these young people by providing them with the emotional, physical, and psychological support needed to overcome the challenges related with the disease and to promote a healthy relationship with food and body throughout their lives.
Description
Trabalho Complementar apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciada em Ciências da Nutrição
Keywords
Distúrbios alimentares Adolescência Anorexia nervosa Bulimia nervosa Transtorno de compulsão alimentar Escolhas alimentares Saúde Eating disorders Adolescence Binge eating disorder Food choices Health