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Conhecimento e práticas adotadas pelos enfermeiros sobre a avaliação e alívio da dor no recém-nascido
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PG_26278 | 1.26 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
O presente Projeto de Graduação insere-se no âmbito do plano curricular do 4º ano da Licenciatura de Enfermagem da Universidade Fernando Pessoa – Porto, sendo o tema abordado “Conhecimento e práticas adotadas dos Enfermeiros sobre a avaliação e alívio da Dor no Recém-Nascido”.
A dor, companhia do homem desde sempre, não é unívoca (Schwob, 1994, pág.7). “ É um sinal de alerta que ajuda a proteger o corpo de danos nos tecidos, (…) ao contrário da maioria das modalidades sensoriais, a função da dor é essencial à sobrevivência” (Cailliet,1999, pág.19). Constitui um dos estímulos adversos mais frequentemente experimentados pelas crianças como resultado de traumatismos, doenças e procedimentos médicos (Batalha, Santos e Guimarães, 2005). Mas os mais vulneráveis são aqueles que sofrem e não o conseguem verbalizar, como é o caso dos recém-nascidos. Durante muitos anos julgava-se que um recém-nascido não sentia dor, mas pelo contrário esta pode ser mais intensa e mesmo mortal o que com o “desenvolvimento dos cuidados prestados aos recém-nascidos tem proporcionado um aumento da sua sobrevivência”, (Batalha, Santos e Guimarães, 2005). A dificuldade na avaliação da dor constitui o maior obstáculo ao seu tratamento adequado, mas agora com formação adequada já é possível avaliar e aliviar a dor naqueles que menos fizeram para a merecer através de um conjunto de intervenções.
No presente estudo as questões de investigação que originaram o problema de investigação foram: “Qual o conhecimento dos enfermeiros relativamente à avaliação da dor no recém-nascido?”, “Qual o conhecimento dos enfermeiros relativamente as estratégias não farmacológicas usadas no alívio da dor no recém-nascido?” e “Quais as práticas adotadas pelos enfermeiros relativamente à avaliação e alívio da dor no recém-nascido?”. Este estudo é de caracter descritivo simples e possuirá uma abordagem quantitativa. A população alvo foi Enfermeiros de Cuidados Gerais e Enfermeiros com especialidade em Saúde Infantil da região do Grande Porto. O método de colheita de dados para a realização deste estudo de investigação foi um questionário aplicado a doze enfermeiros. Após a análise e discussão dos resultados, pode verificar-se que 92% dos enfermeiros inquiridos possui conhecimento sobre a avaliação e alívio da dor no recém-nascido e 100% adota boas práticas relativamente a esta temática.
This graduation project is part of the fourth-year curriculum of the Graduation in Nursing at Fernando Pessoa University, Porto, and the approached theme is "Knowledge and practices undertaken by Nurses on the assessment and management of newborn pain”. Pain, which has always accompanied man, is not univocal (Schwob, 1994, pág. 7). "It's a warning sign that helps protect the body from tissue damage, (...) Unlike most sensory modalities, pain has an essential role in our survival" (Cailliet, 1999, pág. 19). It represents one of the adverse stimuli mostly experienced by children as a result of injuries, illnesses and medical procedures (Batalha, Santos and Guimarães, 2005). But the most vulnerable are those who suffer and cannot verbalise it, such as the newborns. For many years a newborn was believed not to feel any pain. Nonetheless, it may be more intense and even lethal and the "development of the provided care to newborns has provided an increased chance of survival" (Batalha, Santos and Guimarães, 2005). The difficulty in pain assessing is the biggest obstacle to its accurate treatment, but now with appropriate training and a few interventions it is already possible to assess and alleviate the pain of those who least deserve to suffer. In the present study, the research issues that originated the research problem were: "Which level of knowledge nurses possess regarding the assessment of the newborn pain?", “Which level of knowledge nurses have of non-pharmacological strategies used for newborn pain relief?" and "Which practices are adopted by nurses regarding the assessment and alleviation of newborn pain?" This study has a mere descriptive one and it will comprise a quantitative approach. The target group was General Care Nurses and those with expertise in child health in Oporto region. The method of data collection for this research study was a survey given to twelve nurses. After analysis and discussion of results, one can recognise that 92% of the nurses surveyed have knowledge of newborn pain assessment and alleviation and 100% adopt best practices concerning this issue.
This graduation project is part of the fourth-year curriculum of the Graduation in Nursing at Fernando Pessoa University, Porto, and the approached theme is "Knowledge and practices undertaken by Nurses on the assessment and management of newborn pain”. Pain, which has always accompanied man, is not univocal (Schwob, 1994, pág. 7). "It's a warning sign that helps protect the body from tissue damage, (...) Unlike most sensory modalities, pain has an essential role in our survival" (Cailliet, 1999, pág. 19). It represents one of the adverse stimuli mostly experienced by children as a result of injuries, illnesses and medical procedures (Batalha, Santos and Guimarães, 2005). But the most vulnerable are those who suffer and cannot verbalise it, such as the newborns. For many years a newborn was believed not to feel any pain. Nonetheless, it may be more intense and even lethal and the "development of the provided care to newborns has provided an increased chance of survival" (Batalha, Santos and Guimarães, 2005). The difficulty in pain assessing is the biggest obstacle to its accurate treatment, but now with appropriate training and a few interventions it is already possible to assess and alleviate the pain of those who least deserve to suffer. In the present study, the research issues that originated the research problem were: "Which level of knowledge nurses possess regarding the assessment of the newborn pain?", “Which level of knowledge nurses have of non-pharmacological strategies used for newborn pain relief?" and "Which practices are adopted by nurses regarding the assessment and alleviation of newborn pain?" This study has a mere descriptive one and it will comprise a quantitative approach. The target group was General Care Nurses and those with expertise in child health in Oporto region. The method of data collection for this research study was a survey given to twelve nurses. After analysis and discussion of results, one can recognise that 92% of the nurses surveyed have knowledge of newborn pain assessment and alleviation and 100% adopt best practices concerning this issue.
Description
Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de licenciada em Enfermagem
Keywords
Recém-nascido Dor Avaliação Enfermeiro Alívio Conhecimento Newborn Pain Evaluation Nurse Relief Knowledge