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Ácidos orgânicos como promotores de crescimento na produção animal
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Abstract(s)
Com a proibição do uso de antibióticos para fins não terapêuticos surgiu a necessidade de procurar novos métodos potenciadores da produção de proteína animal. Os ácidos orgânicos surgem como alternativas aos promotores de crescimento convencionais, uma vez que exercem uma ação antimicrobiana, através da diminuição do pH, promovendo uma melhoria na digestibilidade da proteína, aumento das secreções pancreáticas e efeitos tróficos na mucosa intestinal. Assim, a presente revisão sistemática foi realizada com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito dos ácidos orgânicos no desempenho de crescimento de aves e mamíferos de produção. A pesquisa foi realizada nas bases de dados Pubmed, Web of Science e Scielo entre os meses de outubro de 2020 e abril de 2021. No total 47 estudos cumpriram os critérios de elegibilidade definidos de acordo com a temática em análise Os parâmetros utilizados para comparar os diversos estudos foram o consumo de ração, ganho de peso corporal e taxa de conversão alimentar. No geral, os ácidos orgânicos provaram ser uma estratégia alimentar promissora na indústria pecuária. As associações de ácidos orgânicos mostraram ser mais vantajosas do que o uso do ácido orgânico isoladamente. Na maioria dos estudos, os efeitos dos ácidos orgânicos ficaram aquém dos efeitos dos antibióticos. A falta de consistência na demonstração de evidência do benefício dos ácidos orgânicos pode estar relacionada com variáveis não controladas, como o baixo desafio sanitário nas experiências, a capacidade tampão de ingredientes presentes na dieta, a heterogeneidade da microbiota intestinal e a utilização de outro tipo de agentes antimicrobianos que não os antibióticos nos estudos, podendo conduzir a conclusões não sustentadas sobre os aditivos em estudo. Em conclusão, com base na qualidade dos estudos é possível aferir com evidência científica moderada, um impacto positivo dos ácidos orgânicos no desempenho de crescimento de animais de produção.
With the ban on the use of antibiotics for non therapeutic purposes, there was a need to look for new methods to enhance the production of animal protein. Organic acids appear as alternatives to conventional growth promoters, since they exert an antimicrobial action, by decreasing the pH, promoting an improvement in protein digestibility, increased pancreatic secretions and trophic effects on the intestinal mucosa. Thus, the present systematic review was carried out with the aim of evaluating the effect of organic acids on the growth performance of production birds and mammals. The research was carried out in Pubmed, Web of Science and Scielo databases, between the months of October 2020 and April 2021. A total of 47 studies were completely able to align themselves with the proposed theme. The parameters used to compare the different studies were feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio. Overall, organic acids have proven to be a promising food strategy in the livestock industry. Organic acid associations proved to be more advantageous than the use of organic acid alone. In most studies, the effects of organic acids fell short of the effects of antibiotics. The lack of consistency in demonstrating evidence of the benefit of organic acids may be related to uncontrolled variables, such as the low sanitary challenge in the experiments, the buffering capacity of ingredients present in the diet, the heterogeneity of the intestinal microbiota and the use of other types of antimicrobial agents other than antibiotics in the studies, which may lead to unsupported conclusions about the additives under study. In conclusion, based on the quality of the studies, it is possible to assess, with moderate scientific evidence, a positive impact of organic acids on the growth performance of farm animals.
With the ban on the use of antibiotics for non therapeutic purposes, there was a need to look for new methods to enhance the production of animal protein. Organic acids appear as alternatives to conventional growth promoters, since they exert an antimicrobial action, by decreasing the pH, promoting an improvement in protein digestibility, increased pancreatic secretions and trophic effects on the intestinal mucosa. Thus, the present systematic review was carried out with the aim of evaluating the effect of organic acids on the growth performance of production birds and mammals. The research was carried out in Pubmed, Web of Science and Scielo databases, between the months of October 2020 and April 2021. A total of 47 studies were completely able to align themselves with the proposed theme. The parameters used to compare the different studies were feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio. Overall, organic acids have proven to be a promising food strategy in the livestock industry. Organic acid associations proved to be more advantageous than the use of organic acid alone. In most studies, the effects of organic acids fell short of the effects of antibiotics. The lack of consistency in demonstrating evidence of the benefit of organic acids may be related to uncontrolled variables, such as the low sanitary challenge in the experiments, the buffering capacity of ingredients present in the diet, the heterogeneity of the intestinal microbiota and the use of other types of antimicrobial agents other than antibiotics in the studies, which may lead to unsupported conclusions about the additives under study. In conclusion, based on the quality of the studies, it is possible to assess, with moderate scientific evidence, a positive impact of organic acids on the growth performance of farm animals.
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Keywords
Promotores de crescimento Ácido orgânico Mamíferos Aves Consumo de ração Ganho de peso corporal Taxa de conversão alimentar Growth promoters Organic acid Mammals Birds Feed consumption Body weight gain Feed conversion rate