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É o aluno que abandona a escola ou é a escola que abandona o aluno?
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Este estudo incide na problemática do abandono escolar, procurando dar visibilidade aos factores que levam a esse abandono e perspectivar estratégias de intervenção para o reverter.
As causas apontadas para justificar o abandono escolar e as estratégias de prevenção, são múltiplas e interdependentes, passando pelas características do aluno, pela estrutura escolar até à política educativa nacional.
O trabalho está dividido em duas partes fundamentais. Na primeira parte fizemos uma revisão da literatura sobre a problemática em questão e na segunda parte apresentamos o resultado do estudo que fizemos junto de 15 diretores de turma e 100 alunos da Escola E,B 2.3 António Feijó de Ponte de Lima. Aplicamos um inquérito em que procuramos identificar, na óptica dos professores e dos alunos, quais os principais motivos que levam ao abandono da escola, assim como as estratégias mais importantes para o seu combate.
Como principal conclusão, referimos as causas que originam o abandono escolar, segundo a opinião dos inquiridos e de acordo com quatro subsistemas: aluno, família, escola e meio envolvente. Quanto aos problemas relacionados com o aluno, estes poderão conduzi-lo a abandonar a escola por razões de falta de interesse, aborrecimento, idade, problemas com professores e colegas, inadaptação à escola, interesse por outras actividades e maus resultados. Em relação aos problemas familiares, estes poderão conduzir ao abandono escolar devido a responsabilidades e problemas familiares, ao nível de instrução ser considerado suficiente para a actividade profissional, assim como problemas financeiros e a necessidade de ter que começar a trabalhar. No que diz respeito à escola, as causas associadas são a inexistência de alternativas ao currículo normal, a incompatibilidade entre horários escolares e transportes públicos e a falta de compreensão por parte de alguns professores. Por fim, quanto aos problemas de acessibilidade, estes prendem-se com os problemas de transporte.
This study focuses on the problem of school dropouts looking to give visibility to the factors that lead to this abandonment and plan intervention strategies to reverse. The causes given to justify and dropout prevention strategies are multiple and interdependent, through the characteristics of the student, the school structure to the national education policy. The work is divided into two main parts. In the first part we review the literature on the issue in question and the second part we present the result of the study we conducted with 15 directors and 100 class pupils of E, B 2.3 Antonio Feijó Ponte de Lima. . We performed a survey that sought to identify, from the perspective of teachers and students, which are the main reasons that lead to dropping out of school, as well as the most important strategies to combat it. As a main conclusion, refer the root causes school dropouts, according to the opinion of the respondents and according to four subsystems: student, family, school and environment. The problems associated with the student, they may lead him to leave school for reasons of lack of interest, boredom, age, problems with teachers and peers, maladjustment to school, interest in other activities and bad results. In relation to family problems, they may lead to dropout due to family problems and responsibilities, the level of instruction is considered sufficient for the professional activity, as well as financial problems and need to have to get to work. With regard to school associated causes are the lack of alternatives to the normal curriculum, the mismatch between school hours and public transport and lack of understanding by some teachers. Finally, the problems of accessibility, these relate to transportation problems.
This study focuses on the problem of school dropouts looking to give visibility to the factors that lead to this abandonment and plan intervention strategies to reverse. The causes given to justify and dropout prevention strategies are multiple and interdependent, through the characteristics of the student, the school structure to the national education policy. The work is divided into two main parts. In the first part we review the literature on the issue in question and the second part we present the result of the study we conducted with 15 directors and 100 class pupils of E, B 2.3 Antonio Feijó Ponte de Lima. . We performed a survey that sought to identify, from the perspective of teachers and students, which are the main reasons that lead to dropping out of school, as well as the most important strategies to combat it. As a main conclusion, refer the root causes school dropouts, according to the opinion of the respondents and according to four subsystems: student, family, school and environment. The problems associated with the student, they may lead him to leave school for reasons of lack of interest, boredom, age, problems with teachers and peers, maladjustment to school, interest in other activities and bad results. In relation to family problems, they may lead to dropout due to family problems and responsibilities, the level of instruction is considered sufficient for the professional activity, as well as financial problems and need to have to get to work. With regard to school associated causes are the lack of alternatives to the normal curriculum, the mismatch between school hours and public transport and lack of understanding by some teachers. Finally, the problems of accessibility, these relate to transportation problems.
Descrição
Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau Licenciado em Serviço Social.
Palavras-chave
Abandono escolar Alternativas curriculares Inadaptação à escola School dropout Alternative curriculum Maladjustment to school