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Impacto da dieta vegan na saúde oral em indivíduos adultos: revisão integrativa
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
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| Projeto de pós-graduação_38769 | 814.96 KB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
A saúde oral depende da interação complexa de vários fatores, sendo a dieta um dos parâmetros que contribui de forma fundamental, pois uma alimentação equilibrada é crucial para os tecidos periodontais, esmalte, dentina e bases ósseas. Uma alimentação deficiente em nutrientes e vitaminas pode levar ao aparecimento de cárie dentária, periodontite, lesões da mucosa ou infeções. A dieta vegan, mais do que uma dieta, é um estilo de vida que exclui tudo o que tenha origem animal, como carne, peixe, ovos e laticínios. Diversos estudos comprovam os benefícios da dieta vegan para a saúde geral, incluindo a redução da hipertensão, colesterol, diabetes, doenças cardiovasculares, obesidade e determinados tipos de cancro.
Esta revisão integrativa tem como objetivo identificar os benefícios e malefícios da dieta vegan na saúde oral, apresentando as manifestações orais encontradas, de forma a alertar os profissionais de saúde, nomeadamente médicos dentistas. A questão de pesquisa foi formulada com a estratégia PECO, envolvendo indivíduos adultos que seguem dieta vegan e a comparação com outras dietas, com foco nas alterações orais resultantes.
Foram realizadas pesquisas nas bases de dados PubMed, B-on, Scielo, Science Direct e ResearchGate, com a combinação de descritores MeSH, sendo aplicados critérios de inclusão e exclusão.
Dos 115 artigos inicialmente encontrados, foram incluídos 7 estudos nesta revisão. Os resultados apontam para melhores condições periodontais em indivíduos vegans em comparação com não vegans, mas também maior prevalência de problemas como erosão dentária e desmineralização. Estas variações são atribuídas a práticas alimentares específicas.
Conclui-se que os médicos dentistas devem estar atentos aos efeitos orais da dieta vegan, aconselhando os pacientes sobre uma nutrição equilibrada e alternativas adequadas para manter a saúde oral.
Oral health depends on the complex interaction of several factors, with diet being one of the main contributors. A balanced diet is essential for the health of periodontal tissues, enamel, dentin, and bone structure. A nutrient and vitamin deficient diet can lead to dental caries, periodontitis, mucosal lesions or infections. The vegan diet is not only a nutritional plan, but a lifestyle that excludes all animal-based products such as meat, fish, eggs, and dairy. Several studies show general health benefits of veganism, including reductions in hypertension, cholesterol, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and certain types of cancer. This integrative review aims to identify both benefits and harms of a vegan diet on oral health by presenting observed oral manifestations and raising awareness among health professionals, especially dentists. The research question was developed using the PECO strategy, focusing on adult individuals following a vegan diet versus other dietary patterns and identifying oral health outcomes. Electronic searches were conducted in PubMed, B-on, Scielo, Science Direct, and ResearchGate databases, with MeSH term combinations and defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. From the 115 articles initially retrieved, 7 studies were included. Results indicate that vegan individuals may present better periodontal conditions than non-vegans, but a higher prevalence of dental issues like erosion and demineralization. These differences are attributed to specific dietary habits. It is concluded that dentists should inform patients about possible oral health implications of veganism, the importance of good nutrition, and recommend appropriate natural products for maintaining oral health.
Oral health depends on the complex interaction of several factors, with diet being one of the main contributors. A balanced diet is essential for the health of periodontal tissues, enamel, dentin, and bone structure. A nutrient and vitamin deficient diet can lead to dental caries, periodontitis, mucosal lesions or infections. The vegan diet is not only a nutritional plan, but a lifestyle that excludes all animal-based products such as meat, fish, eggs, and dairy. Several studies show general health benefits of veganism, including reductions in hypertension, cholesterol, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and certain types of cancer. This integrative review aims to identify both benefits and harms of a vegan diet on oral health by presenting observed oral manifestations and raising awareness among health professionals, especially dentists. The research question was developed using the PECO strategy, focusing on adult individuals following a vegan diet versus other dietary patterns and identifying oral health outcomes. Electronic searches were conducted in PubMed, B-on, Scielo, Science Direct, and ResearchGate databases, with MeSH term combinations and defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. From the 115 articles initially retrieved, 7 studies were included. Results indicate that vegan individuals may present better periodontal conditions than non-vegans, but a higher prevalence of dental issues like erosion and demineralization. These differences are attributed to specific dietary habits. It is concluded that dentists should inform patients about possible oral health implications of veganism, the importance of good nutrition, and recommend appropriate natural products for maintaining oral health.
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Keywords
Dieta vegan Saúde oral Manifestações orais Vegan diet Oral health Oral manifestations