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Neuropatia trigeminal pós-herpética: do diagnóstico ao tratamento - revisão narrativa
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Resumo(s)
A neuropatia trigeminal pós-herpética é uma dor neuropática periférica crónica,
caracterizada por dor facial persistente ou recorrente, durante 3 meses ou mais, após um
episódio agudo de herpes zóster. A sua incidência após este episódio é de
aproximadamente 10%. Esta neuropatia trigeminal reduz drasticamente a qualidade de
vida dos doentes, devendo o médico dentista estar em alerta para esta doença. A
presente revisão narrativa tem como objetivo aprofundar o estudo da prevenção e
tratamento desta patologia. O diagnóstico é clínico, e é realizado com base na história
clínica e pela exclusão de outras dores neuropáticas orofaciais. Os métodos de
prevenção recaem sobre a vacinação e as terapias antivirais. O tratamento de primeira
linha é farmacológico, com recurso a anticonvulsivantes, antidepressivos e terapias
tópicas. Encontram-se igualmente disponíveis tratamentos cirúrgicos e outras terapias
alternativas.
Post-herpetic trigeminal neuropathy is a chronic peripheral neuropathic pain characterized by persistent or recurrent facial pain for 3 months or more after an acute episode of herpes zoster. Its incidence after this episode is approximately 10%. This trigeminal neuropathy drastically reduces the quality of life of patients, and the dentist should be on the alert for this disease. The purpose of this narrative review was to investigate the study of the prevention and treatment of this pathology. The diagnosis is clinical, and it is performed based on the clinical history and the exclusion of other orofacial neuropathic pains. Prevention methods fall on vaccination and antiviral therapies. The first line treatment is pharmacological, with the use of anticonvulsants, antidepressants and topical therapies. Surgical treatments and other alternative therapies are also available.
Post-herpetic trigeminal neuropathy is a chronic peripheral neuropathic pain characterized by persistent or recurrent facial pain for 3 months or more after an acute episode of herpes zoster. Its incidence after this episode is approximately 10%. This trigeminal neuropathy drastically reduces the quality of life of patients, and the dentist should be on the alert for this disease. The purpose of this narrative review was to investigate the study of the prevention and treatment of this pathology. The diagnosis is clinical, and it is performed based on the clinical history and the exclusion of other orofacial neuropathic pains. Prevention methods fall on vaccination and antiviral therapies. The first line treatment is pharmacological, with the use of anticonvulsants, antidepressants and topical therapies. Surgical treatments and other alternative therapies are also available.
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Palavras-chave
Dor Dor neuropática Varicela zoster Herpes zoster Neuropatia trigeminal pós-herpética Pain Neuropathic pain Varicella zoster Herpes zoster Post-herpetic trigeminal neuralgia