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Managing ecosystem services in the Brazilian Amazon: the influence of deforestation and forest degradation in the world’s largest rain forest

2025-05-16Journal article Open access
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datacite.subject.fosCiências Naturais::Ciências da Terra e do Ambiente
dc.contributor.authorLeal Filho, Walter
dc.contributor.authorDinis, Maria Alzira Pimenta
dc.contributor.authorAlmeida Canova, Moara
dc.contributor.authorCataldi, Marcio
dc.contributor.authorCosta, Giulia Angelina Silva da
dc.contributor.authorEnrich Prast, Alex
dc.contributor.authorSymeonakis, Elias
dc.contributor.authorBrearley, Francis
dc.date.accessioned2025-10-28T15:51:19Z
dc.date.available2025-10-28T15:51:19Z
dc.date.issued2025-05-16
dc.description© The Author(s) 2025. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http:// creat iveco mmons. org/ licen ses/ by/4. 0/.
dc.description.abstractThe Amazon rain forest covers an area of ~ 6.7 million km2 of South America; nearly 60% of it is in Brazil, while the rest is shared among eight other countries. This vast extent of rain forest is a globally significant ecosystem that provides numerous ecosystem services that benefit humanity including essential climate regulation, biodiversity conservation, and hydrological stability. However, deforestation and forest degradation have led to the loss of approximately 15% of the Amazon rainforest since the 1970s, primarily driven by agricultural expansion, illegal mining, logging, and wildfires. These pressures have triggered a cascade of consequences, including biodiversity loss, disruption of cultural and ecosystem services, depletion of carbon sinks, and severe alterations to the hydrological cycle. While initially manifesting at local and regional scales, these effects increasingly pose risks to global climate stability. We simulated deforestation scenarios (15%, 50%, and 100% forest loss) using the Community Atmosphere Model (CAM 3.1) to evaluate precipitation changes and atmospheric responses. Results indicate substantial reductions in regional precipitation, hydrological disruptions affecting agricultural productivity, and an increasing risk of the Amazon transitioning from a carbon sink to a carbon source. This underscores the urgency of policy interventions, including stricter environmental regulations, trade restrictions on commodities produced illegally or in deforested areas, enhanced Indigenous land protection, and international cooperation to mitigate deforestation and promote sustainable land use. Immediate action is necessary to prevent irreversible ecological and climatic tipping points.eng
dc.identifier.citationLeal Filho, W., Dinis, M. A. P., Canova, M. A., Cataldi, M., Enrich-Prast, A., Symeonakis, E., & Brearley, F. Q. (2025). Managing ecosystem services in the Brazilian Amazon: the influence of deforestation and forest degradation in the world's largest rain forest [Research Letter]. Geoscience Letters, 12(1), 1-15, Article 24. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40562-025-00391-9
dc.identifier.doi10.1186/s40562-025-00391-9
dc.identifier.issn2196-4092
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10284/14705
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherSpringer Nature
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://geoscienceletters.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40562-025-00391-9
dc.relation.ispartofGeoscience Letters
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.titleManaging ecosystem services in the Brazilian Amazon: the influence of deforestation and forest degradation in the world’s largest rain forest
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.issue1
oaire.citation.titleGeoscience Letters
oaire.citation.volume12
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameLeal Filho
person.familyNameDinis
person.familyNameAlmeida Canova
person.familyNameCataldi
person.familyNameEnrich Prast
person.familyNameSymeonakis
person.familyNameBrearley
person.givenNameWalter
person.givenNameMaria Alzira Pimenta
person.givenNameMoara
person.givenNameMarcio
person.givenNameAlex
person.givenNameElias
person.givenNameFrancis
person.identifier0000000121351158
person.identifier493603
person.identifier.ciencia-idE01A-32E6-9A1C
person.identifier.ciencia-id4710-147D-FDAF
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-1241-5225
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-2198-6740
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-3681-5108
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-9769-0105
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-3561-0936
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-1724-2869
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-5053-5693
person.identifier.ridF-3309-2011
person.identifier.scopus-author-id6602389932
person.identifier.scopus-author-id55539804000
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