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A proteção dos Direitos Humanos nas disputas de jurisdição marítima: enquadramento da crise do Mediterrâneo
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| Projeto de graduação_2022120880 | 406.04 KB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
A disputa de jurisdição no Mediterrâneo é um dos desafios do direito Internacional contemporâneo pois envolve questões de soberania, segurança marítima e proteção dos Direitos Humanos. Com a crise migratória progressivamente agravada pelos conflitos armados, instabilidade política e desigualdades socioeconómicas, resultando em fluxos desordenados de deslocamento populacional que desafiam a eficácia dos mecanismos jurídicos. Face à insuficiência de regulamentação no Alto Mar, as tensões entre Estados intensificam-se devido à ambiguidade de atribuição de responsabilidades sobre o acolhimento e proteção dos migrantes em estado vulnerável. Desse modo, através das lacunas normativas e ausência de autoridade definida, contribui-se para a ascensão de conflitos entre Estados costeiros, o que compromete a eficácia da intervenção humanitária na região e gera insegurança jurídica. Acresce a problemática do tráfico humano que emerge como fator de instabilidade na região devido à exploração, lacunas de políticas de fiscalização e repressão de crimes transnacionais que agravam as condições de vulnerabilidade. A jurisdição no Mediterrâneo necessita de promover estratégias que conciliem a segurança marítima com a responsabilidade humanitária, a fim de evitar abordagens securitárias e restritas. Estas estratégias devem ser orientadas de acordo com a solidariedade internacional que enfatize a necessidade de cooperação multilateral e responsabilidade compartilhada, que consolide uma resposta harmoniosa e em conformidade com os princípios da dignidade humana.
The dispute over jurisdiction in the Mediterranean is one of the challenges facing contemporary International Law, as it involves issues of sovereignty, maritime security and the protection of human rights. With the migratory crisis progressively aggravated by armed conflicts, political instability and socio-economic inequalities, resulting in disorderly flows of population displacement that challenge the effectiveness of legal mechanisms. As a result of the lack of regulations on the High Seas, tensions between states are intensifying due to the ambiguity in the allocation of responsibilities for the sheltering and protecting migrants in vulnerable situations. In this sense, normative gaps and the absence of a defined authority contribute to the rise of conflicts between coastal states, which compromises the effectiveness of humanitarian intervention in the region and creates legal uncertainty. In addition, the issue of human trafficking has emerged as a factor of instability in the region due to exploitation, gaps in monitoring policies and the repression of transnational crimes that aggravate conditions of vulnerability. Jurisdiction in the Mediterranean needs to promote strategies that reconcile maritime security with humanitarian responsibility, in order to avoid security-oriented and restricted approaches. These strategies must be guided by international solidarity that emphasizes the need for multilateral cooperation and shared responsibility, consolidating a harmonious response in accordance with the principles of human dignity.
The dispute over jurisdiction in the Mediterranean is one of the challenges facing contemporary International Law, as it involves issues of sovereignty, maritime security and the protection of human rights. With the migratory crisis progressively aggravated by armed conflicts, political instability and socio-economic inequalities, resulting in disorderly flows of population displacement that challenge the effectiveness of legal mechanisms. As a result of the lack of regulations on the High Seas, tensions between states are intensifying due to the ambiguity in the allocation of responsibilities for the sheltering and protecting migrants in vulnerable situations. In this sense, normative gaps and the absence of a defined authority contribute to the rise of conflicts between coastal states, which compromises the effectiveness of humanitarian intervention in the region and creates legal uncertainty. In addition, the issue of human trafficking has emerged as a factor of instability in the region due to exploitation, gaps in monitoring policies and the repression of transnational crimes that aggravate conditions of vulnerability. Jurisdiction in the Mediterranean needs to promote strategies that reconcile maritime security with humanitarian responsibility, in order to avoid security-oriented and restricted approaches. These strategies must be guided by international solidarity that emphasizes the need for multilateral cooperation and shared responsibility, consolidating a harmonious response in accordance with the principles of human dignity.
Description
Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciada em Ciência Política e Relações Internacionais.
Keywords
Jurisprudência Crise migratória Direitos humanos Tráfico humano Primavera Árabe Jurisprudence Migration crisis Human rights Human trafficking Arab Spring
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[s.n.]